An ozone‐low temperature interaction in loblolly pine (<i>Pinus taeda</i> L.)

Chappelka, Arthur H.; Kush, John S.; Meldahl, Ralph S.; Lockaby, B. Graeme

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1990.tb00444.x

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Evidence of starch accumulation and subsequent crushing of phloem cells (Wellburn & Wellburn, 1994) is consistent with reports that ozone restricts phloem loading, and, thus, assimilate translocation, from shoots to roots (Okano et al, 1984). The outcome is a change in balance between root and shoot growth, leading to reduced root : shoot ratios and potential predisposition of ozone exposed trees to drought (Mansfield, 1988;Davidson et al, 1992) and winter desiccation (Chappelka et al, 1990).…”

Section: Below-ground Processessupporting

confidence: 81%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Scaling ozone effects from seedlings to forest trees

Samuelson

Kelly

2001

New Phytologist

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Biospheric ozone has become a widely distributed air pollutant, and a growing body of research indicates that ozone impacts forest health and productivity. Ozone effects are mediated by the ozone concentration present in the external environment and the movement of ozone into the leaf via the stoma. The cumulative dose received by the plant is, in the simplest terms, a function of ambient ozone concentration and stomatal conductance to water vapor. This relationship is important in understanding ozone flux into the leaf and subsequent ozone response in plants. Here, current progress in understanding ozone uptake in juvenile and mature trees is examined. Through an analysis of two long‐term case studies, the significant uncertainty in assessing ozone effects on forests is pinpointed to be the scaling of ozone sensitivity from controlled seedling studies to large forest trees. A rigorous statistical and monitoring approach, which includes ozone uptake as a cause variable, may provide the missing information on processes that are known to be important to risk assessment of ozone impacts on forest trees.

show abstract

Section: Below-ground Processessupporting

confidence: 81%

“…The outcome is a change in balance between root and shoot growth, leading to reduced root : shoot ratios and potential predisposition of ozone exposed trees to drought (Mansfield, 1988; Davidson et al. , 1992) and winter desiccation (Chappelka et al. , 1990).…”

Section: Scaling From Seedling To Tree Evidence From a Quercus Rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling ozone effects from seedlings to forest trees

Samuelson

Kelly

2001

New Phytologist

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…They termed them ' memory effects ' or carry-over effects which can remain latent and might take a whole season and the accompanying complimentary changes in biochemistry, together with environmental triggers to activate. There are reports of conifers which have received controlled summer O $ exposures exhibiting more winter damage in the presence of natural frosts (Brown, Roberts & Blank, 1987 ;Chappelka et al, 1990). However, in some of these studies the implication is that O $ exposure does exacerbate winter damage but via increased sensitivity to winter desiccation and\or photoinhibition rather than through a reduction in freezing tolerance (Barnes & Davison, 1988 ;Lucas & Penuelas, 1990 ;Chappelka et al, 1990).…”

Section:      mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are reports of conifers which have received controlled summer O $ exposures exhibiting more winter damage in the presence of natural frosts (Brown, Roberts & Blank, 1987 ;Chappelka et al, 1990). However, in some of these studies the implication is that O $ exposure does exacerbate winter damage but via increased sensitivity to winter desiccation and\or photoinhibition rather than through a reduction in freezing tolerance (Barnes & Davison, 1988 ;Lucas & Penuelas, 1990 ;Chappelka et al, 1990). Enhanced sensitivity to winter desiccation following O $ exposure might well be a consequence of restricted phloem loading and translocation of sugars to the roots (' Effects of ozone on carbon allocation ').…”

Section:      mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of ozone on forests: a European perspective

et al. 1998

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In comparison with the effects of extended drought periods or severe nutrient stress, those of ozone are generally much milder, at least with respect to growth. However, there is substantial evidence from experiments, in the main using young saplings, that O $ does impose a stress on forest trees under European conditions. Decreased chlorophyll contents and photosynthetic rates, changes in carbon allocation, increased antioxidant activity, and reductions in biomass due to O $ have often been recorded, particularly in fast-growing species. Furthermore, O $ appears to weaken the trees' resilience to a range of biotic and abiotic stresses. Interactions between O $ and climatic stress, in particular drought and frost hardiness, are likely to result in potentially detrimental effects.A link between the occurrence of O $ and forest damage is not unequivocally established in Europe, and the problem remains of extrapolating and\or scaling up from studies on seedlings to predict responses to O $ of mature trees and forest stands, because we know so little about acclimation to O$ . An accurate assessment is also lacking of the magnitude of the O $ effect on European trees both in terms of the forest areas affected and its extent. In this review we suggest that C allocation is the key factor underlying the responses of trees to O $ . Stomata also play a key role, since the acquisition of C must be achieved while an effective control over water consumption is retained.Key words : Seedlings, mature trees, growth, drought, frost, ozone. Statistical evaluation of annual surveys of forest condition in Europe (UNECE, ICP Forests) over the last decade has shown that tree crown condition in the main damage areas cannot be wholly explained by the location, nature and climate of the site (Mu$ ller-Edzardz et al., 1997). This might imply an important role for external factors such as air pollutants in the decline of tree health. One quarter of the coniferous trees assessed were damaged ( 20 % defoliation) and damage was worst in central

show abstract

“…Lucas et al increase the susceptibility of conifers to freezing (1988) demonstrated that loss of freezing resistance injury (Brown, Roberts & Blank, 1987; caused by ozone nnay precede any change in grow'th Lucas et al, 1988;Fincher et al, in Sitka spruce {Picea sitchensis). Furthermore, 1989;Fowler et al, 1989;Edwards, Pier & Kelly, ozone-injured tissue may exhibit reduced freezing 1990; Chappelka et al, 1990, but see Senser, 1990). resistance up to 72 d after pollution concentrations This interaction between air pollutants and frost have declined to trace levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity of frost resistance and growth in citrus and avocado to chronic ozone exposure

et al. 1991

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYTbe efFects of elevated levels of ozone on growth and frost resistance were studied using broadleaf-evergreen citrus and avocado trees. 'Ruby Red' grapefruit {Citrusparadisi L.) trees on either Volkamer lemon {Citrus volkameriana Ten. & Pasq.) or sour orange {Citrus aurantium L.) rootstocks and ' Simmonds' or 'Pancho' a\ocado trees {Persea atnericano Mill.) on the rootstock ' Waldin' were exposed to ozone in open-top chambers for 4 months in 1988 and for 8 months in a second experiment in 1989. The ambient ozone concentration, averaged over a 12 h day, was 30-1 nl 1"' in 1988 and 39-1 nl 1"' in 1989 during the exposure period. Citrus tree growth, estimated by total leaf mass, was unaffected by ozone concentrations of 3 x ambient in either year but the growth of avocado in 1989 was reduced 20 and 61 "" by ozone concentrations at 2 x and 3 x ambient, respectively. Frost resistance, estimated by electrolyte leakage from leaf disks and from survival of leaves, stems and who!e plants following exposure to freezing temperatures, was often diminished in avocado and citrus at 3x ambient ozone, but occasionally was increased at 2 x ambient. The effects of chronic ozone exposure on frost resistance were generally subtle; 3 x ambient ozone exposure in 1989 compared to 0 3 x only caused the temperature for 50",, electrolyte leakage (LT,,,) to increase less than 1 °C ( -5'3 to -4-8 °C) in citrus and about 2 "C ( -8-0 to -5'8 °C) in avocado. Nevertheless, the tests for frost resistance on whole plants indicated that these differences could have a substantial impact on stem and plant survival if the frost was at a critical temperature. The likelihood that chronic ozone exposure currently affects citrus frost resistance in Florida appears slight.

show abstract

An ozone‐low temperature interaction in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.)

Cited by 19 publications

References 22 publications

Scaling ozone effects from seedlings to forest trees

Scaling ozone effects from seedlings to forest trees

Impacts of ozone on forests: a European perspective

Sensitivity of frost resistance and growth in citrus and avocado to chronic ozone exposure

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About