An Overview on Quantum Computing as a Service (QCaaS): Probability or Possibility

Abstract

Cloud computing is a worldwide classical system. Quantum computing is theoretical concept still in experimental review. Where cloud system is facing vulnerability in security, backup, processing and locality, there quantum computing shows a strong solution to overcome it. Most researchers are optimistic in quantum computing that it will improve cloud system. But to associate physics based subatomic computing system with software based cloud system is not an easy option. Our paper will show all the major advantages and disadvantages of quantum computing in the perspective to integrate it with cloud system. And review some recent progress with some foremost doubtful future aspects of quantum cloud computing. Also we will review the reality of quantum computation and internet system in applied viewpoint until present.

iQuantum: A toolkit for modeling and simulation of quantum computing environments

“…Quantum computing holds enormous promise for solving computationally intractable problems, revolutionizing various domains such as drug discovery, 1 finance, 2 optimization, 3 and machine learning. [4][5][6] The emergence of the cloud-based quantum computing 7,8 and quantum computing-as-a-service (QCaaS) 9 models has enabled access to F I G U R E 1 Overview of hybrid quantum computing paradigm envisions the seamless integration of quantum and classical computation resources across different cloud and emerging edge layers, with edge resources being geographically closer to end-users (data sources), albeit with computational limitations compared to their cloud counterparts.…”

“…Quantum computing holds enormous promise for solving computationally intractable problems, revolutionizing various domains such as drug discovery, 1 finance, 2 optimization, 3 and machine learning 4–6 . The emergence of the cloud‐based quantum computing 7,8 and quantum computing‐as‐a‐service (QCaaS) 9 models has enabled access to quantum computation resources without a massive upfront investment in quantum hardware, leading to tremendous progress in quantum software and algorithm fronts 10 . Major cloud providers, such as Microsoft Azure, 11 AWS, 12 and IBM, 13 now offer cloud‐based access to their quantum computing services.…”

Enabling continuous deployment techniques for quantum services

“…This superposition is a fundamental aspect of quantum computing but poses challenges when integrated with classical services, which typically rely on deterministic states. In addition, the measurement of the quantum states is probabilistic and introduces uncertainty into the integration process 4 …”

BQA: a high-performance quantum circuits scheduling strategy based on heuristic search

“…Since the concept of quantum computing was proposed [1], researchers around the world have been committed to promoting the practical application of quantum computers, especially in recent years, great progress in the field of quantum computing has been made [2][3][4]. By utilizing the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics, such as superposition, interference, and entanglement, quantum computers have inherent parallelism and may outperform classical computers in many computational problems, such as machine learning [5], chemical simulation [6], code breaking [7], financial analysis [8], cloud service [9] and etc. However, there is still a huge gap between quantum circuits and actually executable quantum instructions, because quantum circuits are only logical representations of quantum algorithms and do not take into account the various constraints imposed by quantum chips, such as the basic gate-set supported by a quantum chip, the connectivity bewteen individual qubits, the coherence time of each qubit, etc.To solve these problems, many organizations have conducted research on quantum compilation, such as IBM's qiskit [10], Google's cirq [11], Intel's qHiP-STER [12] and so on.…”