An Overview on COVID-19 and its Effect on Cardiovascular Diseases

Hamadi, Abdullah; Mahzari, Ali; Hakami, Abdulrahim R.; Hindawi, Salwa; Dobie, Gasim; Sayyed, M.I.; Hamdi, F.; Nahari, Mohammed H; Jackson, Denise E.

doi:10.2174/1871530321999201228214718

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…All of these efforts are carried out to prevent a spike in high-cost claim cases in future and prepare for another upcoming pandemic by strengthening the mobile JKN application. The Government of the Republic of Indonesia has also developed crowdfunding regulations for low-cost disease cases, so it is hoped that more savings will be made to prepare for financing claims for cardiovascular cases in future (45,46). The next task of the Government and the community is to invite more people to adopt a healthy lifestyle to avoid cardiovascular disease and not aggravate existing disease conditions so that they do not become a burden on claims in future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiovascular disease financing in Indonesia (JKN claims data analysis 2019–2020)

Nugraheni¹,

Retnaningsih²,

Mubasyiroh³

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

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The disease burden related to non-communicable diseases is a major public health problem in Indonesia. About one-third of all deaths in Indonesia are caused by cardiovascular disease. This study describes the cost of cardiovascular disease from claims data for Advanced Referral Health Facilities at BPJS Kesehatan before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We analyzed claims data on the National Health Insurance system managed by BPJS. The data comes from referral health facilities throughout Indonesia in 2019 and 2020. Cardiovascular service claims data by sex and age group were analyzed descriptively and with different tests between years. There was a decrease in the number of patients accessing cardiovascular services at referral health facilities for all genders, age groups, and types of main diagnoses, by around 27.8%, from 933,017 (2019) to 673,801 (2020). There was a significant decrease in total claims for all types of cardiovascular disease during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to before, especially the reduction in aneurysms and aortic dissection (40.2%) and hypertensive heart disease (39.6%). The decline also occurred in all sexes and age groups, with an average percentage decline of 31.2%. Our findings show that the reduction in the cost of cardiovascular disease claims goes hand in hand with the decrease in the number of cardiovascular patient visits. To guarantee treatment for cardiovascular disease patients during the COVID-19 pandemic, BPJS can maximize the telemedicine services that have been built. The organizer of the National Health Insurance program in Indonesia has developed a JKN mobile application that has the potential for telemedicine services guaranteed by JKN. On the other hand, BPJS needs to limit promotive and preventive budgets related to CVD so that it does not become a potential catastrophic financing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiovascular disease financing in Indonesia (JKN claims data analysis 2019–2020)

Nugraheni¹,

Retnaningsih²,

Mubasyiroh³

et al. 2023

Front. Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Patients having SARS-CoV-2 infection may experience atypical pneumonia such as fever, cough, sneezing, muscle ache, asphyxia, loss or impairment of taste sensation, and loss of smell to severe lung damage accompanied by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ADRS) (Larsen et al 2020 ). It was hypothesized that vectors of SARS-CoV-2 were bats and civets (Basson et al 2011 ; Bindoli et al 2020 ; Bournazos et al 2020 ; Hamadi et al 2020 ). Currently, SARS-CoV-2 is becoming more dangerous due to the continuous emergence of mutated strains which sometimes lead to an increased rate of infectivity, morbidity and mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monoclonal antibodies: a remedial approach to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection

et al. 2022

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SARS-CoV-2, the newly emerged virus of the Coronaviridae family is causing havoc worldwide. The novel coronavirus 2019 was first reported in Wuhan, China marked as the third highly infectious pathogenic virus of the twenty-first century. The typical manifestations of COVID-19 include cough, sore throat, fever, fatigue, loss of sense of taste and difficulties in breathing. Large numbers of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients have mild to moderate symptoms, however severe and life-threatening cases occur in about 5–10% of infections with an approximately 2% mortality rate. For the treatment of SARS-CoV-2, the use of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) could be one approach. The receptor binding domain (RBD) and N-terminal domain (NTD) situated on the peak of the spike protein (S-Protein) of SARS-CoV-2 are immunogenic in nature, therefore, can be targeted by neutralizing monoclonal antibodies. Several bioinformatics approaches highlight the identification of novel SARS-CoV-2 epitopes which can be targeted for the development of COVID-19 therapeutics. Here we present a summary of neutralizing mAbs isolated from COVID-19 infected patients which are anticipated to be a better therapeutic alternative against SARS-CoV-2. However, provided the vast escalation of the disease worldwide affecting people from all strata, affording expensive mAb therapy will not be feasible. Hence other strategies are also being employed to find suitable vaccine candidates and antivirals against SARS-CoV-2 that can be made easily available to the population.

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Biosensors - A Miraculous Detecting Tool in Combating the War against COVID-19

Deshmukh

Mishra

Singh

2023

CPB

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The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), commonly known as COVID-19, created rack and ruin and erupted as a global epidemic. Nearly 482.3 million cases and approximately 6.1 million deaths have been reported. The World Health Organization (WHO) designated it an international medical emergency on January 30, 2020; shortly in March 2020, it was declared a pandemic. To address this situation, governments and scientists around the globe were urged to combat and prevent its spread, mainly when no treatment was available. Presently, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) is the most widely utilized technique for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2. But this method is cumbersome, tedious, and might not be quickly accessible in isolated areas with a circumscribed budget. Therefore, there is a quest for novel diagnostic techniques which can diagnose the disease in a lesser time in an economical way. This paper outlines the potential of biosensors in the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. This review highlights the current state of presently available detection techniques, expected potential limits, and the benefits of biosensor-implicated tests against SARS-Cov-2 diagnosis. CRISPR-Cas9 implanted paper strip, field-effect transistor (FET) implanted sensor, nucleic-acid centric, aptamers-implanted biosensor, antigen-Au/Ag nanoparticles-based electrochemical biosensor, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based biosensor, Surface Plasmon Resonance, potential electrochemical biosensor, optical biosensor, as well as artificial intelligence (AI) are some of the novel biosensing devices that are being utilized in the prognosis of coronaviruses.

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An Overview on COVID-19 and its Effect on Cardiovascular Diseases

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiovascular disease financing in Indonesia (JKN claims data analysis 2019–2020)

Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on cardiovascular disease financing in Indonesia (JKN claims data analysis 2019–2020)

Monoclonal antibodies: a remedial approach to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection

Biosensors - A Miraculous Detecting Tool in Combating the War against COVID-19

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