An overview of the uses of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)

Glüge, Juliane; Scheringer, Martin; Cousins, Ian T.; DeWitt, Jamie C.; Goldenman, Gretta; Herzke, Dorte; Lohmann, Rainer; Ng, Carla A.; Trier, Xenia; Wang, Zhanyun

doi:10.1039/d0em00291g

Cited by 754 publications

(556 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…Industry Type NAICS Codes Source(s) Textiles and Carpets 313210, 313310, 313320, 314110, 314999, 316110 Glüge et al 2020;Guelfo et al 2018;Herzke et al 2012;Kotthoff et al 2015;Chemical Manufacturing 325199, 325320, 325622, 325612, 424690 Glüge et al 2020;Guelfo et al 2018;Hu et al 2016;Nascimento et al 2018Paper Products 322121, 322219, 322220, 323111, 323120, Glüge et al 2020Guelfo et al 2018;Herzke et al 2012;Schaider et al 2017 Plastics/ Rubber Manufacturing 325211, 326112, 326113, Glüge et al 2020;Guelfo et al 2018;Schaider et al 2017 Grease, Oil, andLubricant-related industries 324110, 324191, 333318, 336310 Glüge et al 2020;Guelfo et al 2018;…”

Section: Declarationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prior studies on point sources as well as studies analyzing products that contain PFAS led to the inclusion of the industry groups listed in Table 1 with their relevant NAICS codes and studies that indicated their PFAS use. Brie y, PFAS have a wide variety of industrial uses including nonstick coatings, metal nishing, fabric nishing, plastics manufacturing, lubricants, and pesticides (Buck et al, 2011;Glüge et al, 2020;Guelfo et al 2018;Herzke et al 2012;Kissa, 2001;Nascimento et al, 2018). Studies have also indicated PFAS use in medical devices, electronics, cleaning products, and photographic lm processes (Clara et al, 2008;Gosetti et al, 2018;Lin et al, 2009;Xie et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Linking Industrial Point Sources to PFAS Contamination in Wells: Michigan Case Study

Schulz

Filbin

Silva

et al. 2021

Preprint

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In recent years, concern has grown over widespread environmental contamination of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the environment and especially in drinking water. These manmade chemicals were first synthesized in the mid-20th century and contain thousands of individual species, some of which are still used today. A wide variety of industries use or have historically used PFAS in their products and processes. PFAS chemicals are recalcitrant by design and thus do not break down in the environment. Federal and state agencies have begun testing of drinking water and other media for PFAS in order to understand the extent of contamination and determine any necessary regulatory actions. Testing is expensive, however, and it would be beneficial to be able to prioritize wells for testing based on their likely vulnerability. This study presents a methodology for identifying locations of industrial sites likely to use PFAS, and uses Michigan’s robust well testing data alongside industry and environmental factors to identify any spatial relationships that can be used to help prioritize testing of wells.

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Section: Declarationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking Industrial Point Sources to PFAS Contamination in Wells: Michigan Case Study

Schulz

Filbin

Silva

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…A recent commentary by Kwiatkowski et al 3 outlined the scientific basis for managing PFAS as a chemical class. This was an important contribution towards efforts to regulate 4,5 and group 6,7 PFAS. In this Perspective article, we would like to voice our support of a broad scope in the restriction proposal for PFAS, based largely on concerns regarding their high persistence.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…8 PFAS are a class of fluorinated synthetic organic substances with diverse properties that have been used in a wide variety of industrial and consumer applications. 6,9 The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)/United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) compiled a list of PFAS with over 4700 CAS numbers that may have been on the global market. 10 More recently, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) 11 has compiled a list of more than 8000 PFAS entries.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The high persistence of PFAS is sufficient for their management as a chemical class

Cousins

DeWitt

Glüge

et al. 2020

Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts

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161

149

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“…Per and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have emerged as a global contaminant issue, associated with both human and ecosystem health concerns. These substances have been widely manufactured and used in numerous industrial, agricultural and household products since the 1940s [1,2]. Aqueous film forming foam used at military and civilian airports, train yards, fire training areas, and chemical refineries are common sources of these compounds in the aquatic environment [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Plasma of Smallmouth Bass from the Chesapeake Bay Watershed

Blazer

Gordon

Walsh

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu is an economically important sportfish and within the Chesapeake Bay watershed has experienced a high prevalence of external lesions, infectious disease, mortality events, reproductive endocrine disruption and population declines. To date, no clear or consistent associations with contaminants measured in fish tissue or surface water have been found. Therefore, plasma samples from two sites in the Potomac River and two in the Susquehanna River drainage basins, differing in land-use characteristics, were utilized to determine if perfluoroalkyl substances were present. Four compounds, perfluorooctane sulphonic acid (PFOS), perfluoroundecanoic acid (PFUnA), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) and perfluorododecanoic acid (PFDoA), were detected in every fish. Two additional compounds, perfluorooctane sulphonamide (PFOSA) and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), were less commonly detected at lower concentrations, depending on the site. Concentrations of PFOS (up to 574 ng/mL) were the highest detected and varied significantly among sites. No seasonal differences (spring versus fall) in plasma concentrations were observed. Concentrations of PFOS were not significantly different between the sexes. However, PFUnA and PFDoA concentrations were higher in males than females. Both agricultural and developed land-use appeared to be associated with exposure. Further research is needed to determine if these compounds could be affecting the health of smallmouth bass and identify sources.

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An overview of the uses of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS)

Abstract: Systematic description of more than 200 uses of PFAS and the individual substances associated with each of them (over 1400 PFAS in total).

Cited by 754 publications

References 63 publications

Linking Industrial Point Sources to PFAS Contamination in Wells: Michigan Case Study

Linking Industrial Point Sources to PFAS Contamination in Wells: Michigan Case Study

The high persistence of PFAS is sufficient for their management as a chemical class

Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Plasma of Smallmouth Bass from the Chesapeake Bay Watershed

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