An Overview of the Neuropharmacological Potential of Thymoquinone and its Targeted Delivery Prospects for CNS Disorder

Abstract

At present, people and patients worldwide are relying on the medicinal plant as a therapeutic agent over pharmaceuticals because the medicinal plant is considered safer, especially for chronic disorders. Several medicinal plants and their components are being researched and explored for their possible therapeutic contribution to CNS disorders. Thymoquinone (TQ) is one such molecule. Thymoquinone, one of the constituents of Plant Nigella Sativa, is effective against several neurodegenerative diseases like; Alzheimer's, Depression, Encephalomyelitis, Epilepsy, Ischemia, Parkinson's, and Traumatic. This review article presents the neuropharmacological potential of TQ's, their challenges, and delivery prospects, explicitly focusing on neurological disorders along with their chemistry, pharmacokinetics, and toxicity. Since TQ has some pharmacokinetic challenges, scientists have focused on novel formulations and delivery systems to enhance bioavailability and ultimately increase its therapeutic value. In the present work, the role of nanotechnology in neurodegenerative disease and how it improves bioavailability and delivery of a drug to the site of action has been discussed. There are a few limitations for developing novel drug formulation, including solubility, pH, and compatibility of nanomaterials. Since here we are targeting CNS disorders, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) becomes an additional challenge Hence, the review summarized the novel aspects of delivery and biocompatible nanoparticles-based approaches for targeted drug delivery into CNS, enhancing TQ bioavailability and its neurotherapeutic effects.

Black Seeds

“…This study also highlights the importance of providing adequate details about preparing or processing NS samples for human intake so that the causes of variability among trials can be better assessed. Recent reviews 112,[114][115][116][117] suggest that NS may have potential to alleviate symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases, but a number of additional high-quality clinical trials with larger study populations are clearly needed. Moreover, to date, no consistent evidence for possible mechanisms of action of NS has been determined from these human investigations.…”

Effects of chronic administration of thymoquinone on penicillin induced epileptiform activity in rats

“…Recently, some neuropharmacological effects of TQ have been demonstrated. Among these neuropharmacological effects of TQ like anticonvulsant effects, muscle relaxants, and hypnotic effects, it is effects on motor coordination and locomotor activity were also investigated (6,7).…”