An Overview of the Microstructures Present in High-Speed Steel -Carbides Crystallography

Serna, Marilene Morelli; Jesus, Edilson Rosa Barbarosa; Galego, Eguiberto; Martinez, L.G.; Correa, H.P.S.; Rossi, Jesualdo Luiz

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.530-531.48

Cited by 24 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…These data are in line with our calculations (see Table 1), considering that experimental samples always contain impurities and other defects. However, it has been known for a long time that in the reactions of most Fe-C steels carbides like h-Fe 3 C, g-Fe 2 C and v-Fe 5 C 2 are generally involved [2,[46][47][48], while c-Fe 23 C 6 is reported much less frequently [2,10].…”

Section: Formation and Stability Of C-fe 23 C 6 In Steels And Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…These phases have been found in different steels, e.g. stainless and tool steels [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11], and have been observed as precipitates at the grain boundary of steels, as well [1,2,7]. Moreover, c-M 23 C 6 phases are present in iron meteorites with the mineral names haxonite (M = Fe, Ni) and isovite (M = Fe, Cr) [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stability, structure and electronic properties of γ-Fe23C6 from first-principles theory

et al. 2010

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Section: Formation and Stability Of C-fe 23 C 6 In Steels And Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability, structure and electronic properties of γ-Fe23C6 from first-principles theory

et al. 2010

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“…Thickness, composition, and uniformity of the passive layer are modified in different extent by plastic deformation [48,49] and the increasing in dislocation density favors the film dissolution due to the presence of lower binding energy regions, compared to a perfect crystal [50]. This may affect the formation of a less effective passive film on the steel surface; moreover, the presence of distorted high-energy interfaces may provide further trigger points for the localized attack [51,52]. This DSS grade is not prone to SIM precipitation in fact, it was not identified any SIM even though most accurate measurements and observations must be conducted (i.e., TEM and XRD).…”

Section: Corrosion Pitting Temperature (Cpt)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructural and Corrosion Properties of Cold Rolled Laser Welded UNS S32750 Duplex Stainless Steel

Gennari

Lago

Bögre

et al. 2018

Metals

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The main goal of this work was to study the effect of plastic deformation on weldability of duplex stainless steel (DSS). It is well known that plastic deformation prior to thermal cycles can enhance secondary phase precipitation in DSS which can lead to significant change of the ferrite-austenite phase ratio. From this point of view one of the most important phase transformation in DSS is the eutectoid decomposition of ferrite. Duplex stainless steels (DSSs) are a category of stainless steels which are employed in all kinds of applications where high strength and excellent corrosion resistance are both required. This favorable combination of properties is provided by their biphasic microstructure, consisting of ferrite and austenite in approximately equal volume fractions. Nevertheless, these materials may suffer from several microstructural transformations if they undergo heat treatments, welding processes or thermal cycles. These transformations modify the balanced phase ratio, compromising the corrosion and mechanical properties of the material. In this paper, the microstructural stability as a consequence of heat history due to welding processes has been investigated for a super duplex stainless steel (SDSS) UNS S32750. During this work, the effects of laser beam welding on cold rolled UNS S32750 SDSS have been investigated. Samples have been cold rolled at different thickness reduction (ε = 9.6%, 21.1%, 29.6%, 39.4%, 49.5%, and 60.3%) and then welded using Nd:YAG laser. Optical and electronical microscopy, eddy’s current tests, microhardness tests, and critical pitting temperature tests have been performed on the welded samples to analyze the microstructure, ferrite content, hardness, and corrosion resistance. Results show that laser welded joints had a strongly unbalanced microstructure, mostly consisting of ferritic phase (~60%). Ferrite content decreases with increasing distance from the middle of the joint. The heat-affected zone (HAZ) was almost undetectable and no defects or secondary phases have been observed. Both hardness and corrosion susceptibility of the joints increase. Plastic deformation had no effects on microstructure, hardness or corrosion resistance of the joints, but resulted in higher hardness of the base material. Cold rolling process instead, influences the corrosion resistance of the base material.

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“…Examples are white cast alloys, 4,5 Cr-containing ferrite steels, and high-speed steels. 6 Fe 7 C 3 forms also as nanoparticles by means of high-pressure techniques [7][8][9] or by carburization of ferrite. [10][11][12][13] Audier and co-workers obtained Fe 7 C 3 microcrystals by disproportioning CO on Fe at 500°C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of iron carbideFe7C3phases from first-principles theory

2009

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The iron carbide Fe 7 C 3 exhibits two types of basic crystal structures, an orthorhombic ͑o-͒ form and a hexagonal ͑h-͒ one. First-principles calculations have been performed for the basic Fe 7 C 3 forms and for the related -Fe 3 C cementite phase. Accurate total-energy calculations show that the stability of Fe 7 C 3 is comparable to that of -Fe 3 C. The o-Fe 7 C 3 phase is more stable than the hexagonal one, in contrast to recent atomistic simulations. Furthermore, the calculations also show a rather low energy for a carbon vacancy in the o structure, which implies possible C deficiency in the lattice. Both Fe 7 C 3 phases are ferromagnetic metals. Electronic band-structure calculations show that all Fe atoms exhibit high-spin states with the majority of their 3d states being almost fully occupied. From an analysis of the structural and energetic properties, the formation of the o phase in steel treatment processes and of h form in carburization of ferrite is discussed.

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An Overview of the Microstructures Present in High-Speed Steel -Carbides Crystallography

Cited by 24 publications

References 8 publications

Stability, structure and electronic properties of γ-Fe23C6 from first-principles theory

Stability, structure and electronic properties of γ-Fe23C6 from first-principles theory

Microstructural and Corrosion Properties of Cold Rolled Laser Welded UNS S32750 Duplex Stainless Steel

Structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of iron carbideFe7C3phases from first-principles theory

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