An overview of the metabolic differences betweenBradyrhizobium japonicum110 bacteria and differentiated bacteroids from soybean (Glycine max) root nodules: anin vitro¹³C- and³¹P-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy study

Abstract

Bradyrhizobium japonicum is a symbiotic nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria that induce root nodules formation in legume soybean (Glycine max.). Using (13)C- and (31)P-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, we have analysed the metabolite profiles of cultivated B. japonicum cells and bacteroids isolated from soybean nodules. Our results revealed some quantitative and qualitative differences between the metabolite profiles of bacteroids and their vegetative state. This includes in bacteroids a huge accumulation of soluble carbohydrates such as trehalose, glutamate, myo-inositol and homospermidine as well as Pi, nucleotide pools and intermediates of the primary carbon metabolism. Using this novel approach, these data show that most of the compounds detected in bacteroids reflect the metabolic adaptation of rhizobia to the surrounding microenvironment with its host plant cells.

Self‐Sorting Effects in the Self‐Assembly of Metallosupramolecular Rhombi from Chiral BINOL‐Derived Bis(pyridine) Ligands

“…The high mobility and the assimilation of these organic P compounds suggest that a more plastic response to P deprivation occurred with the HA treatments compared to the controls. The presence of glycerophosphodiester and phosphorylcholine were previously reported to be involved with the turnover, metabolism, and degradation of phospholipid and glycerol of P‐deprived plants ( Cheng et al, 2011; Vauclare et al, 2013). These changes in P distribution could be attributed to a modified metabolic pathway for economizing P consumption in plants and maintaining higher P concentrations in plant cells (Fig.…”

Laser‐ablation electrospray ionization mass spectrometry with ion mobility separation reveals metabolites in the symbiotic interactions of soybean roots and rhizobia

“…That is in agreement with previous studies that found similar AEC values for healthy nitrogen‐fixing bacteria (Upchurch and Mortenson, ). Previous NMR efforts were unable to detect these molecules in the free‐living forms (Vauclare et al ., ).…”

The Family Bradyrhizobiaceae

“…In the nodule, the bacteria live as symbionts where they are able to fix nitrogen. Some strains exhibit hydrogenase activity with the soybean host and thus are more efficient in symbiotic nitrogen fixation (Maier 1981;Vauclare et al 2013).…”