An Overview of the Components of AW-IPM Campaigns against the New World Screwworm

Abstract

The New World Screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel), is one of the most damaging parasites of livestock, causing millions of dollars in annual losses to producers. The fly is an obligate parasite of warm-blooded animals, including humans. After a successful 50-year eradication campaign, C. hominivorax has been eradicated from the USA, Mexico and Central America by an area-wide integrated pest management approach. Recently, Caribbean and South American countries have expressed an interest in this approach. Aiming to support forthcoming projects in these countries, this review describes the main technical components of past and ongoing AW-IPM campaigns against C. hominivorax.

Determinação da temperatura base para o desenvolvimento embrionário da mosca-da-bicheira

“…Como substrato de oviposição, foi utilizada uma mistura de resto de dieta larval, coágulo e sangue bovino citratado (MASTRANGELO & WELCH, 2012). Essa mistura era colocada em tampa plástica de cor preta, coberta com recortes de papel de fi ltro e aquecida até 35ºC em estufa, depois era oferecida às moscas.…”

“…A dinâmica populacional de C. hominivorax é infl uenciada diretamente pela disponibilidade de hospedeiros e pelas variações dos fatores climáticos (ADAMS 1979;KRAFSUR & LINDQUIST, 1996;MASTRANGELO & WELCH, 2012). Na literatura, entretanto, poucos autores investigaram as exigências térmicas relacionadas à oviposição de C. hominivorax.…”

Agricultural production: assessment of the potential use of Cas9-mediated gene drive systems for agricultural pest control

“…Subsequently, the SIT approach was used to eradicate screwworm from all of the USA (Mastrangelo and Welch 2012). However, Texas farmers faced an ongoing threat of invasion of screwworm from Mexico.…”

“…The technology was never seen as a 'silver bullet' that by itself would eradicate the pest population. Within the eradication zone a large monitoring network of veterinarians and others was established, and any infested animals were identified and promptly treated (Mastrangelo and Welch 2012). .…”

Sequence-characterized amplified regions that differentiate New World screwworms from other potential wound-inhabiting flies

“…31 A barrier zone against reintroduction has been established at the Darien Gap in Panama. 20 South of this zone, the screwworm continues to be an economic pest causing annual profit losses estimated to exceed $3.5 billion for livestock producers, wildlife, and human beings in South America. 23,31 Aside from the economic havoc caused by the screwworm where it is endemic, the possibility of reintroduction where previously eradicated or introduction to nonendemic areas poses a threat worldwide.…”