An Overview of Surgical Site Infection in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: the Role of Recent Guidelines, Limitations, and Possible Solutions

Rojas-Gutierrez, Eduardo; Vilar‐Compte, Diana

doi:10.1007/s40506-019-00198-1

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Quantitatively, it's been proven that the hazard for growing a contamination will increase markedly if the wound is infected with >a hundred and five microorganisms in keeping with gram of tissue [10].…”

Section: Intraoperative Danger Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It arises as a result of a failure in thermoregulation brought on by anaesthesia and exposure to a chilly environment in the operating room. Simple blankets or warming solutions used by regular microwaves can be utilised to avoid this, but caution must be exercised [10].…”

Section: Intra-operative and Immediate Postoperative 1 Normothermiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neutrophil oxidative killing is improved by increased oxygenation. A nasal cannula or a facemask can be used to provide oxygenation [10].…”

Section: Peri-operative Oxygenationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It's disputed what the goal glucose level should be. To reduce the risk of SSI, the Society for Ambulatory Anesthesia, the American Diabetes Association, the Endocrine Society, and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons all suggest a glucose level of 180 mg/dL, whereas the CDC advises a glucose level of 200 mg/dL [10].…”

Section: Glycemic Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dressings come in a wide range (like gauges or advanced dressings). When a surgical wound is closed in the operating room, it is impermeable for 48 hours following the incision [10].…”

Section: Wound Care and Dressingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surgical Site Infections in Gynaecological Surgeries

Iyengar

Nayyar

Jajoo

2021

JPRI

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Surgical contaminations are one of the utmost familiar medical management related contamination within the economically developing nations. Gynecologic tactics constitute a completely distinctive venture within which the infectious pathogen arising out of pores and the underlying skin or the vagina and endo-cervix can also relocate up to the area of surgery and may bring about vaginal cuff cellulitis, cellulitis of the pelvis, and abscesses of the pelvis. Numerous organisms along with operation threat elements were recognized as dangers that grow infectious sequelae after pelvic surgical treatment. The full-size use of antibiotic prophylaxis has decreased however now no longer removed severe postoperative infections; the common anticipated SSIs price being three–15% after c-section. Those costs are multiplied by the existence of various threat elements like surgical infection, which is compounded by untimely rupture of membranes, obstructed labour, chorioamnionitis, large obesity, extended duration of surgery, emergency surgeries, and immunodeficiency, all of that are not uncommon within aid-deficient nations. Other factors linked to physician ability, such as poor operation skills, insufficient hemostasis, and the presence of a useless region, lead to increased injury contamination. Working at the pinnacle, such as those medical conditions that occur during pregnancy and malnutrition, also contribute significantly to the problem. SSIs as the most common motive concerning hospital-acquired contamination in obstetrics, although the present contemporary era, remains as chief residence fitness hassle within growing nations. We may even evaluate the definitions, microbiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and control of pelvic SSIs after gynecologic surgical procedures.

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Section: Intraoperative Danger Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Intra-operative and Immediate Postoperative 1 Normothermiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neutrophil oxidative killing is improved by increased oxygenation. A nasal cannula or a facemask can be used to provide oxygenation [10].…”

Section: Peri-operative Oxygenationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Glycemic Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dressings come in a wide range (like gauges or advanced dressings). When a surgical wound is closed in the operating room, it is impermeable for 48 hours following the incision [10].…”

Section: Wound Care and Dressingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surgical Site Infections in Gynaecological Surgeries

Iyengar

Nayyar

Jajoo

2021

JPRI

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Bridging the know-do gap in low-income surgical environments: Creating contextually appropriate training videos to promote safer surgery in Ethiopia

Hawkins

Rangel

Assefa

et al. 2023

Surgery Open Science

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Appropriateness of surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis in a teaching hospital in Ghana: findings and implications

Sefah

Denoo

Bangalee

et al. 2022

JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance

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Background Surgical site infections (SSIs) are among the most common infections seen in hospitalized patients in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), accounting for up to 60% of hospital-acquired infections. Surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis (SAP) has shown to be an effective intervention for reducing SSIs and their impact. There are concerns of inappropriate use of SAP in Ghana and therefore our audit in this teaching hospital. Methods A retrospective cross sectional clinical audit of medical records of patients undergoing surgery over a 5 month duration from January to May 2021 in Ho Teaching Hospital. A data collection form was designed to collect key information including the age and gender of patients, type and duration of surgery, choice and duration of SAP. The collected data was assessed for the proportion of SAP compliance with Ghana Standard Treatment Guidelines (STGs) and any association with various patient, surgical wound and drug characteristics. Results Of the 597 medical records assessed, the mean age of patients was 35.6 ± 12.2 years with 86.8% (n = 518) female. Overall SAP compliance with the STG was 2.5% (n = 15). SAP compliance due to appropriate choice of antimicrobials was 67.0% (n = 400) and duration at 8.7% (n = 52). SAP compliance was predicted by duration of SAP (P < 0.000) and postoperative hospitalization duration (P = 0.005). Conclusions SAP compliance rate was suboptimal, principally due to a longer duration of prescription. Quality improvement measures such as education of front-line staff on guideline compliance, coupled with clinical audit and regular updates, are urgently needed to combat inappropriate prescribing and rising resistance rates.

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An Overview of Surgical Site Infection in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: the Role of Recent Guidelines, Limitations, and Possible Solutions

Cited by 9 publications

References 42 publications

Surgical Site Infections in Gynaecological Surgeries

Surgical Site Infections in Gynaecological Surgeries

Bridging the know-do gap in low-income surgical environments: Creating contextually appropriate training videos to promote safer surgery in Ethiopia

Appropriateness of surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis in a teaching hospital in Ghana: findings and implications

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