An overview of renewable hydrogen production from thermochemical process of oil palm solid waste in Malaysia

Hosseini, Seyed Ehsan; Wahid, Mazlan Abdul; Ganjehkaviri, A.

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2015.02.012

Cited by 96 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 116 publications

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“…A perforated plate was placed at the lower part of the reactor to keep the coal sample immersed in the salt. In order to thoroughly mix coal and molten salt, the molten salt layer was continuously bubbled with N 2 gas [2]. Meanwhile, the pyrolysis hot gas spreads homogeneously inside the reactor, contributing to uniform dispersion of coal particles and rapid heating of the solid particles [3].…”

Section: Pyrolysis Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effects of temperature and molten salt on solar pyrolysis of lignite

Zeng

Xie

et al. 2019

Energy

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Molten salt pyrolysis driven by concentrated solar radiation is well positioned to utilize solar energy and lignite effectively. This study focused on the effects of temperature (500, 600, 700 and 800 C) and molten carbonate salt (Li 2 CO 3-Na 2 CO 3-K 2 CO 3) on properties of char obtained from lignite pyrolysis, as well as gas and tar products for revealing their formation mechanism and transformation process. Molten salt pyrolysis of HulunBuir lignite produced more gas products and less char compared to conventional pyrolysis owing to the enhanced heat transfer and catalytic effect of molten salt. The char yield decreased from 58.4% to 43.4%, and the gas yield (especially CO 2 , H 2 and CO) increased from 28.3% to 46.1% at 800 C. CO 2 , CO and H 2 production increased about 60.43%, 103.42% and 65.2% at 800 C, respectively. Additionally, the presence of molten salt improved the tar quality with more hydrocarbon content (maximum increase of 5.8%) and less oxygenated compounds. The structure and reactivity relationship of char was characterized by XRD, BET, SEM, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy and TGA. Molten salt generated char had a higher reactivity due to the increase of disorder, surface area, microporosity (maximum of 71.74%) and active sites.

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Section: Pyrolysis Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Global energy demand is sharply increasing due to global population growth and expanding economic activity [1]. Coal is mostwidely used to satisfy the energy requirements due to its competitive price and high-energy density [2]. China's lignite reserves exceed 130 billion tons, accounting for 13% of the world's total reserves [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of temperature and molten salt on solar pyrolysis of lignite

Zeng

Xie

et al. 2019

Energy

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“…131,132 Although hydrogen can be produced from conventional fossil fuels or nuclear energy, these routes are at odd with green chemistry principles and therefore there is a great need for environmentally benign, costeffective hydrogen production from renewable and sustainable sources, such as biomass. 133,134 A number of waste-derived catalysts for hydrogen production from various precursors have been reported.…”

Section: Catalysts For Hydrogen Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic applications of waste derived materials

2016

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“…Currently, the hydrogen production from supercritical water biomass gasification in Malaysia is still developing. Further research into improving and understanding the detailed processes for this hydrogen production technology is required as this technology is found to be feasible for Malaysia's energy [53].…”

Section: Feasibility Study Of Hydrogen Production In Malaysiamentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on biomass-based hydrogen production for renewable energy supply

Hosseini

Wahid

Jamil

et al. 2015

Int. J. Energy Res.

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183

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Summary This article gives an overview of the state‐of‐the‐art biomass‐based hydrogen production technologies. Various biological and thermochemical processes of biomass are taken into consideration to find the most economical method of hydrogen production. Biohydrogen generated by biophotolysis method, photo‐fermentation and dark fermentation is studied with respect to various feedstocks in Malaysia. The fermentation approaches of biohydrogen production have shown great potential to be a future substitute of fossil fuels. Dark fermentation method is a simple biological hydrogen production method that uses a variety of substrate and does not require any light as a source of energy. A promising future for biohydrogen production is anticipated by this process both industrially and commercially. Feasibility of hydrogen production from pyrolysis and water gasification of various biomass feedstock confirm that supercritical water gasification (SCWG) of biomass is the most cost‐effective thermochemical process. Highly moisturized biomass could be employed directly in SCWG without any high‐cost drying process. Indeed, a small amount of energy is required to pressurize hydrogen in the storage tank because of highly pressurized SCWG process. The cost of hydrogen produced by SCWG of biomass is about US$3/GJ (US$0.35/kg), which is extremely lower than biomass pyrolysis method (in the range of US$8.86/GJ to US$15.52/GJ) and wind‐electrolysis systems and PV‐electrolysis systems (US$20.2/GJ and US$41.8/GJ, respectively). The best feedstock for biomass‐based hydrogen production is identified based on the availability, location of the sources, processes required for the preparation of the feedstock and the total cost of acquiring the feedstock. The cheapest and most abundantly available biomass source in Malaysia is the waste of palm industry. Hydrogen production from palm oil mill effluent and palm solid residue could play a crucial role in the energy mix of Malaysia. Malaysia has this great capability to supply about 40% of its annual energy demand by hydrogen production from SCWG of palm solid waste. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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An overview of renewable hydrogen production from thermochemical process of oil palm solid waste in Malaysia

Cited by 96 publications

References 116 publications

The effects of temperature and molten salt on solar pyrolysis of lignite

The effects of temperature and molten salt on solar pyrolysis of lignite

Catalytic applications of waste derived materials

A review on biomass-based hydrogen production for renewable energy supply

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