An overview of microcapsule dosage form

Arefin, Paroma; Habib, Shehan; Chakraborty, Dipankar; Bhattacharjee, Sreebash Chandra; Das, Suman; Karmakar, Debabrata; Bhowmik, Dip

doi:10.18231/j.ijpca.2020.025

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Microencapsulation refers to trapping active ingredients (AIs), with a specific function in formulations, in a micrometer-sized enveloping shell. This technology finds widespread use in products like agrochemicals, 1 perfumes and fragrances, 2 food and flavors, 3 detergents, 4 cosmetics, 5 and pharmaceuticals 6 to name a few. These microcapsules help to protect the encapsulated AI from the external environment and ensure its controlled release in a timely manner.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastic-Free Microcapsules Using Supramolecular Self-Assembly of Bis-Urea Molecules at an Emulsion Interface

Bhutkar,

Millard,

Preece

et al. 2024

Langmuir

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Encapsulation technology is well established for entrapping active ingredients within an outer shell for their protection and controlled release. However, many solutions employed industrially use nondegradable cross-linked synthetic polymers for shell formation. To curb rising microplastic pollution, regulatory policies are forcing industries to substitute the use of such intentionally added microplastics with environmentally friendly alternatives. This work demonstrates a one-pot process to make microplastic-free microcapsules using supramolecular self-assembly of bis-ureas. Molecular bis-urea species generated in-situ spontaneously self-assemble at the interface of an oil-in-water emulsion via hydrogen bonding to form a shell held together by noncovalent bonds. In addition, Laponite nanodiscs were introduced in the formulation to restrict aggregation observed during the self-assembly and to reduce the porosity of the shell, leading to well-dispersed microcapsules (mean Sauter diameter d [3,2] ∼ 5 μm) with high encapsulation efficiency (∼99%). Accelerated release tests revealed an increase in characteristic release time of the active by more than an order of magnitude after encapsulation. The mechanical strength parameters of these capsules were comparable to some of the commercial, nondegradable melamine−formaldehyde microcapsules. With mild operating conditions in an aqueous environment, this technology has real potential to offer an industrially viable method for producing microplastic-free microcapsules.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microplastic-Free Microcapsules Using Supramolecular Self-Assembly of Bis-Urea Molecules at an Emulsion Interface

Bhutkar,

Millard,

Preece

et al. 2024

Langmuir

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recently, microencapsulation has become a promising technology to protect a core material inside a specific shell using in situ polymerization technique. The produced microcapsules have been successfully used in fields such as electronics, catalysts, pharmaceuticals, [1][2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerosol OT Quantity Impacts on Calcium Nitrate Self-Healing Microcapsule Properties Used for Sustainable Construction Applications

Taqa¹,

Suleiman²,

Senouci

et al. 2022

Buildings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper is a continuation of a previously published paper on this issue that studied the microencapsulation of calcium nitrate in urea-formaldehyde shell using Aerosol OT (AOT) in hexane solution. The aim of this paper is to determine the quantity of AOT that optimizes microcapsule distribution, diameter, and shell thickness. Different quantities of AOT, namely 0.25 g, 0.50 g, 1.5 g, and 2.5 g were dissolved in 180 g of hexane solution to prepare the continuous phase. A Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the distribution and the diameters of the prepared microcapsules. A Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) was used to investigate the microcapsule shell thicknesses. The SEM images have shown that using 0.25 g of AOT may be insufficient to totally polymerize the whole quantity of the core materials into fully independent capsules. On the other hand, using 0.50 g of AOT has shown a uniform distribution and almost complete polymerization of the core material components into distinct microcapsules. Higher quantities of AOT (i.e., 1.50 g and 2.5 g) have resulted in agglomerated microcapsules and nonuniform distributions. The results have also demonstrated that the quantity of AOT does not have a significant impact on the microcapsule diameter. Microcapsule average shell thicknesses were found to decrease by increasing AOT amount up to 0.50 g and to increase again due to the agglomeration witnessed for increased AOT quantity. Accordingly, 0.50 g of AOT was recommended for the preparation of calcium nitrate microcapsules in future research work.

show abstract

“…The microsphere dosage form is one of the most potential novel drug delivery systems, and it has opened a new era for individualized drug delivery options minimizing the side effects and maximizing the convenience. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] Microspheres formulations can be designed in a variety of approaches depending on the purpose, such as targeted release, immediate release, sustained release, and so on. [8][9][10] The diameter of the microspheres ranges from 1 micrometer to 1000 micrometers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Influence of Stirring Speed on the Release Kinetics of Fexofenadine HCl Polymeric Microspheres

Arefin

Habib

Mostafa

et al. 2021

Biosci., Biotech. Res. Asia

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Microspheres, a potential drug delivery approach, has opened a new era for attaining versatile release patterns needed. By optimizing the formulation variables, they can be prepared to obtain targeted release, immediate release, sustained release patterns. The release of the active drug material depends upon a number of formulation parameters such as polymers, stirring speed (rpm), methodology, surfactants, etc. Fexofenadine hydrochloride (HCl) is a second generation antihistamine. Our present research has explored the effects of using different rpm (600- 1000 rpm) in preparing fexofenadine hydrochloride (HCl) microspheres by emulsion solvent evaporation method. The formulation is aimed to provide sustained release for the required long period with a high margin of safety. We used a blended mixture of Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose (HPMC) K 100 MCR and Eudragit RL100 polymers to have sustained-release microspheres. The impact of different rpm on Yield, drug encapsulation efficiency, flow properties, and dissolution pattern were appraised. We observed the release of the drug for 10 hours in phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) and evaluated the drug release spectrophotometrically. Our study finds that the release of fexofenadine HCl from the microspheres was significantly increased with drug loading. We found the dosage forms to follow Higuchi release kinetics and Hixson-Crowell release kinetics the most, indicating successful achievement of sustained-release pattern in the dosage form. The change in drug release rate was statistically significant for variation in the stirring rate. We found that 600 rpm was the most optimized stirring rate for preparing microspheres in the emulsion solvent evaporation method.

show abstract

An overview of microcapsule dosage form

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Microplastic-Free Microcapsules Using Supramolecular Self-Assembly of Bis-Urea Molecules at an Emulsion Interface

Microplastic-Free Microcapsules Using Supramolecular Self-Assembly of Bis-Urea Molecules at an Emulsion Interface

Aerosol OT Quantity Impacts on Calcium Nitrate Self-Healing Microcapsule Properties Used for Sustainable Construction Applications

Evaluation of the Influence of Stirring Speed on the Release Kinetics of Fexofenadine HCl Polymeric Microspheres

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About