An overview of LLNL high-energy short-pulse technology for advanced radiography of laser fusion experiments

Barty, C. P. J.; Key, M.H.; Britten, Jerald A.; Beach, Raymond J.; Beer, G.; Brown, C.; Bryan, Steve; Caird, J. A.; Carlson, Thomas C.; Crane, John K.; Dawson, Jay W.; Erlandson, Alvin C.; Fittinghoff, D. N.; Hermann, M. R.; Hoaglan, Curly R.; Iyer, Anand Harihara Subramonia; Jones, L.; Jovanovic, Igor; Komashko, A.; Landen, O. L.; Liao, Zhi M.; Molander, William A.; Mitchell, Scott C.; Moses, E. I.; Nielsen, Norman D.; Nguyen, H; Nissen, James; Payne, Stephen A.; Pennington, D. M.; Risinger, L.; Rushford, M. C.; Skulina, K.; Spaeth, M. L.; Stuart, B. C.; Tietbohl, G.; Wattellier, Benoît

doi:10.1088/0029-5515/44/12/s18

Cited by 110 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…At LLNL, NIF ARC (Advanced Radiographic Capability) [95] is designed as an advanced x-ray radiography capability for NIF. NIF ARC uses four (one quad) of NIF's beams to obtain temporal resolution of tens of picoseconds.…”

Section: Multi-kj Glass Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Petawatt class lasers worldwide

Danson

Hillier

Hopps

et al. 2015

High Pow Laser Sci Eng

480

318

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The use of ultra-high intensity laser beams to achieve extreme material states in the laboratory has become almost routine with the development of the petawatt laser. Petawatt class lasers have been constructed for specific research activities, including particle acceleration, inertial confinement fusion and radiation therapy, and for secondary source generation (x-rays, electrons, protons, neutrons and ions). They are also now routinely coupled, and synchronized, to other large scale facilities including megajoule scale lasers, ion and electron accelerators, x-ray sources and z-pinches. The authors of this paper have tried to compile a comprehensive overview of the current status of petawatt class lasers worldwide. The definition of 'petawatt class' in this context is a laser that delivers >200 TW.

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Section: Multi-kj Glass Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Petawatt class lasers worldwide

Danson

Hillier

Hopps

et al. 2015

High Pow Laser Sci Eng

480

318

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“…Moreover, we expect the tools we present here to generalize well to a much larger class of technologically-important scattering problems, including periodic layered media with inclusions. Modern applications include dielectric gratings [8], process control in semiconductor lithography [30], efficient thin-film photovoltaic cells [4,20], and integrated nano-scale optical devices [19]. Some of these applications (e.g.…”

Section: Introduction and Problem Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new integral representation for quasi-periodic scattering problems in two dimensions

2010

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Boundary integral equations are an important class of methods for acoustic and electromagnetic scattering from periodic arrays of obstacles. For piecewise homogeneous materials, they discretize the interface alone and can achieve high order accuracy in complicated geometries. They also satisfy the radiation condition for the scattered field, avoiding the need for artificial boundary conditions on a truncated computational domain. By using the quasi-periodic Green's function, appropriate boundary conditions are automatically satisfied on the boundary of the unit cell. There are two drawbacks to this approach: (i) the quasi-periodic Green's function diverges for parameter families known as Wood's anomalies, even though the scattering problem remains well-posed, and (ii) the lattice sum representation of the quasi-periodic Green's function converges in a disc, becoming unwieldy when obstacles have high aspect ratio.In this paper, we bypass both problems by means of a new integral representation that relies on the free-space Green's function alone, adding auxiliary layer potentials on the boundary of the unit cell strip while expanding the linear system to enforce quasi-periodicity. Summing nearby images directly leaves auxiliary densities that are smooth, hence easily represented in the Fourier domain using Sommerfeld integrals. Wood's anomalies are handled analytically by deformation of the Sommerfeld contour. The resulting integral equation is of the second kind and achieves spectral accuracy. Because of our image structure, inclusions which intersect the unit cell walls are handled easily and automatically. We include an implementation and simple code example with a freely-available MATLAB toolbox.Communicated by Per Lötstedt.

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“…To provide the large photon numbers required for these applications, current highenergy density producing laser facilities have been or will be upgraded to feature multikilojoule short-pulse drive lasers. [7][8][9] Equally important as using powerful drivers in achieving large photon numbers per shot is the conversion efficiency ͑CE͒, i.e., the ratio of energy of the generated K-alpha radiation to the input laser energy. When a high-intensity short laser pulse interacts with matter a considerable fraction of the laser energy is converted to supra-thermal electrons with relativistic energies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of hot electron refluxing in laser-generated K-alpha sources

Neumayer¹,

Aurand²,

Basko³

et al. 2010

Physics of Plasmas

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A study of the contribution of refluxing electrons in the production of K-alpha radiation from high-intensity laser irradiated thin targets has been performed. Thin copper foils both freestanding, and backed by a thick substrate were irradiated with laser pulses of energies around 100 J at intensities ranging from below 1017 to above 1019 W/cm2. At high laser intensities we find a strong reduction in the K-alpha yield from targets backed by the substrate. The observed yield reduction is in good agreement with a simple model using hot electron spectra from particle-in-cell simulations or directly inferred from the measured bremsstrahlung emission and can therefore be interpreted as due to the suppression of hot electron refluxing. The study shows that refluxing electrons play a dominant role in high-intensity laser driven K- alpha generation and have to be taken into account in designing targets for laser driven high-flux K-alpha sources.

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An overview of LLNL high-energy short-pulse technology for advanced radiography of laser fusion experiments

Cited by 110 publications

References 16 publications

Petawatt class lasers worldwide

Petawatt class lasers worldwide

A new integral representation for quasi-periodic scattering problems in two dimensions

The role of hot electron refluxing in laser-generated K-alpha sources

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