An Overview of Laser Welding of High Strength Steels for Automotive Application

Manoharan, Kishen A; Quazi, M. M.; Bashir, M. Nasir; Salleh, M. N. M.; Zaifuddin, A. Q.; Linggamm, R.

doi:10.20469/ijtes.6.10004-1

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…See the next section for more information on these two technologies. Few practical uses of gaze assessment include relation between eyes [10,11], driver's eye observation [3,12], on-screen keyboard [13,14] and Virtual Reality (VR) [15].…”

Section: Basic Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is because the position of the line of sight is determined directly in the correlated system of the selected screen [17]. Several researchers have developed methods to predict the position of looking at the camera [10,18].…”

Section: A Assessment Of the Eyes By Their Appearancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gaze searching precision criteria are angle accuracy in degrees [1,15,20], distance precision in cm or mm [10,21], and gaze rating [3,13,22]. This paper uses the words "precision" and "assumption error" to explain the function of different line-of-sight scoring systems.…”

Section: Performance Metrics For Gaze Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The calculation depends on monitor screen size and pixel clarity. The calculation of µ can be obtained from Equation 5 [10].…”

Section: B Gaze Positionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Research on Eye Pupil Location and Eye Tracking by Designing a Fully Conventional Neural Network (FCNN)

Raza¹,

Wang²,

Xue³

et al. 2020

Int. j. technol. eng. stud.

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Eye-tracking has become a significant tool in various areas, incorporating interaction of humans with a computer, computer vision, psychology, and medical diagnostics. Various protocols have been utilized to track the gaze. Although, some may not be accurate in the real world, while others may need explicit custom calibration, which can cause problems. Few of these techniques are associated with low image grades and varying lighting situations. The latest success and popularity of deep studying has dramatically increased the effectiveness of eye-tracking. The convenience of huge datasets additionally improves the function of deep learning-depend techniques. This technical paper introduces the latest deep studying-depend gaze assessment technology with a concentration on Fully Convolution Neural Networks (FCNN). This technical paper also gives an overview of other machine-based eye assessment methods. This research objective to enable the research population to generate significant and useful horizons that can improve the structure and growth of better, more effective deep learning depends on eye-tracking methods. This paper also gives information on different pertained models, network structures, and open origin datasets to help train deep learning models.

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Section: Basic Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Assessment Of the Eyes By Their Appearancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Performance Metrics For Gaze Calculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The calculation depends on monitor screen size and pixel clarity. The calculation of µ can be obtained from Equation 5 [10].…”

Section: B Gaze Positionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Research on Eye Pupil Location and Eye Tracking by Designing a Fully Conventional Neural Network (FCNN)

Raza¹,

Wang²,

Xue³

et al. 2020

Int. j. technol. eng. stud.

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“…Furthermore, the usage of lasers is now being optimized [11,12] in different fields and applications such as in welding [13], and hard surfacing [14]. Hence, the usage of lasers has become a viable approach as an emerging rapid and robust technology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Nanosecond Fibre Laser on the Removal of Paint on Metallic Surface

2021

Int. j. technol. eng. stud.

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This research aims to study the effect of nanosecond laser parameters on the paint removal process and obtain a set of parameters that would result in the highest paint removal efficiency. In this study, the effect of laser paint removal parameters such as power, defocus distance, and the number of loops are studied with an optical microscope to observe surface features. The laser paint removal process is conducted using the IPG YLM 200/30 -Q pulsed fiber laser machine. The process sample was examined with an optical microscope to analyze the effectiveness of this laser paint removal process. The results indicated that the power and number of loops significantly enhance the paint removal process. The selection of correct frequency, power, hatching distance, scanning speed, and defocus distance also play a significant part in the efficiency of the laser paint removal process.

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Double side fiber laser welding: A novel welding technique to join thick plates

Subramaniyan,

Pathinettampadian,

Castro

et al. 2024

Materialwissenschaft Werkst

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Stainless steel grade 304, is one of the most utilized grades of stainless steel and it is chosen for its corrosion resistance. The ideal option is 304, since its lower carbon content lowers intergranular corrosion, especially if corrosion resistance is a top goal for a project. This research work investigates the mechanical and microstructural characteristics of a novel double side fiber laser welded stainless steel 304 plates. Double side fiber laser welding technique is used to fabricate a butt joint with plates of thickness 5 mm. With a laser frequency of 25 Hz, speed of 6 mm ⋅ s−1, and a heat input of 1.4 kW in terms of power is applied to the joint, resulting in a maximum depth of penetration of 2.7 mm. The same parameter is applied on both sides of the plate. The dendritic structures are observed through micrographs of weld and pure metal captured using an optical microscope. Experiments such as tensile, bend, microhardness and impact test have been conducted to ensure the quality of weldment. The weldment consists of austenite and δ‐ferrite. X‐ray diffraction reveal presence of both austenite and ferrite in the weldment. Ductile mode of fracture occurred during failure of tensile samples.

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An Overview of Laser Welding of High Strength Steels for Automotive Application

Cited by 5 publications

References 52 publications

Research on Eye Pupil Location and Eye Tracking by Designing a Fully Conventional Neural Network (FCNN)

Research on Eye Pupil Location and Eye Tracking by Designing a Fully Conventional Neural Network (FCNN)

The Influence of Nanosecond Fibre Laser on the Removal of Paint on Metallic Surface

Double side fiber laser welding: A novel welding technique to join thick plates

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