An overview of ISCAT 2000

Davis, Douglas D.; Eisele, F. L.; Chen, G; Crawford, J. H.; Huey, L. G.; Tanner, David J.; Slusher, D. L.; Mauldin, L.; Oncley, Steven; Lenschow, Donald H.; Semmer, Steven R.; Shetter, R. E.; Lefer, B. L.; Arimoto, R.; Hogan, Austin W.; Grube, P.; Lazzara, Matthew A.; Bandy, A. R.; Thornton, D. C.; Berresheim, H.; Bingemer, Heinz; Hutterli, Manuel A.; McConnell, Joseph R.; Bales, R. C.; Dibb, Jack E.; Buhr, M. P.; Park, J; McMurry, Peter H.; Swanson, Aaron L.; Meinardi, Simone; Blake, Donald R.

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.05.037

Cited by 63 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…More recently however, a study of five years (1999)(2000)(2001)(2002)(2003) of year-round DMS data collected at the Antarctic island site of Dumont d'Urville (66 • 40 S, 140 • 1 E), found that the variability in levels was strongly controlled by the marine biota and therefore by the oceanic DMS concentrations rather than by the meteorological parameters which affect the transfer velocity coefficient (kw), or by changes in atmospheric oxidants (Preunkert et al, 2007). Studies away from the coast, for example at the South Pole, show much lower mixing ratios of DMS and its oxidation products, consistent with the above conclusions (Davis et al, 2004). Although Halley appears to be in a coastal position it is still 15 km away from the Weddell Sea which for the most part is not considered open ocean; due to the location of Halley DMS mixing ratios could be expected to display features of both types of sites.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…Although a great deal of information has been gained from these measurements the complexity of the oxidation processes is such that the fate of DMS is some way from being fully understood. In the Antarctic there have been various measurement campaigns for DMS on ships in the Weddell sea (Davison et al, 1995;Staubes and Georgii, 1993) and comprehensive sulphur studies such as ISCAT 1998/2000 (Investigation of Sulfur chemistry in the Antarctic Troposphere) and SCATE (Sulphur Chemistry in the Antarctic Troposphere Experiment) (Mauldin-III et al, 2001;Berresheim et al, 1998a) have taken place at Amundsen-Scott (South Pole, 90 • 0 0 S, 139 • 16 0 W) (Davis et al, 2004), Dumont d'Urville (66 • 40 S, 140 • 1 E) , and Palmer Station (64 • 46 S, 64 • 03 W) (Berresheim et al, 1998b), but have focussed mainly on austral summer. Main outcomes of these large campaigns have shown that those coastal stations such as Palmer Station (Antarctic Peninsula) typically see highly variable DMS mixing ratios which are influenced strongly by meteorological conditions and specifically by intensive low pressure storms which provide a means for strong vertical exchange between ocean and atmosphere for this species (Berresheim et al, 1998b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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DMS and MSA measurements in the Antarctic Boundary Layer: impact of BrO on MSA production

et al. 2008

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Abstract. In situ measurements of dimethyl sulphide (DMS) and methane sulphonic acid (MSA) with a minimum in sea extent. Whilst seasonal variability and interannual variability can be attributed to a number of factors, short term variability appeared strongly dependent on air mass origin and trajectory pressure height. The MSA and derived non-sea salt sulphate (nss-SO 2− 4 ) measurements showed no correlation with those of DMS (regression R 2 =0.039, and R 2 =0.001 respectively) in-line with the complexity of DMS fluxes, alternative oxidation routes, transport of air masses and variable spatial coverage of both sea-ice and phytoplankton. MSA was generally low throughout the year, with an annual average of 42 ng m −3 (9.8±13.2 pptV), however MSA: nss-SO 2− 4 ratios were high implying a dominance of the addition oxidation route for DMS. Including BrO measurements into MSA production calculations demonstrated the significance of BrO on DMS oxidation within this region of the atmosphere in austral summer. Assuming an 80% yield of DMSO from the reaction of DMS+BrO, an atmospheric concentration of BrO equal to 3 pptV increased the calculated MSA production from DMS by a factor of 9 above that obtained when considering only Correspondence to: K. A. Read (km519@york.ac.uk) reaction with the hydroxyl radical. These findings have significant atmospheric implications, but may also impact on the interpretation of ice cores which previously relied on the understanding of MSA and nss-SO 2− 4 chemistry to provide information on environmental conditions such as sea ice extent and the origins of sulphur within the ice.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

DMS and MSA measurements in the Antarctic Boundary Layer: impact of BrO on MSA production

et al. 2008

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“…A subsequent study in the spring of 2000 suggested that the extremely high (NO) could be explained by a combination of factors including non-linear chemical processes, shallow boundary layers, and NO x accumulation in air parcels as they drain off the high plateau toward the South Pole (Davis et al, 2004b). However, these earlier studies lacked documentation of the vertical structure of the boundary layer and associated chemical constituents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Boundary layer physics over snow and ice

2008

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Abstract.Observations of the unique chemical environment over snow and ice in recent decades, particularly in the polar regions, have stimulated increasing interest in the boundary layer processes that mediate exchanges between the ice/snow interface and the atmosphere. This paper provides a review of the underlying concepts and examples from recent field studies in polar boundary layer meteorology, which will generally apply to atmospheric flow over snow and ice surfaces. It forms a companion paper to the chemistry review papers in this special issue of ACP that focus on processes linking halogens to the depletion of boundary layer ozone in coastal environments, mercury transport and deposition, snow photochemistry, and related snow physics. In this context, observational approaches, stable boundary layer behavior, the effects of a weak or absent diurnal cycle, and transport and mixing over the heterogeneous surfaces characteristic of coastal ocean environments are of particular relevance.

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“…NO, released into the shallow Antarctic surface layer at South Pole, can lead to the buildup of hundreds of pptv ambient air mixing ratios of NO x during stable boundary layer conditions (Davis et al, 2001(Davis et al, , 2004aOncley et al, 2004). These enhanced NOx levels drive rather vigorous ozone chemistry.…”

Section: Ozone Uptake To Snowmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of ozone atmosphere-snow gas exchange on polar, boundary-layer tropospheric ozone – a review and sensitivity analysis

et al. 2007

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Abstract. Recent research on snowpack processes and atmosphere-snow gas exchange has demonstrated that chemical and physical interactions between the snowpack and the overlaying atmosphere have a substantial impact on the composition of the lower troposphere. These observations also imply that ozone deposition to the snowpack possibly depends on parameters including the quantity and composition of deposited trace gases, solar irradiance, snow temperature and the substrate below the snowpack. Current literature spans a remarkably wide range of ozone deposition velocities (v dO3 ); several studies even reported positive ozone fluxes out of the snow. Overall, published values range from ∼-3

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An overview of ISCAT 2000

Cited by 63 publications

References 49 publications

DMS and MSA measurements in the Antarctic Boundary Layer: impact of BrO on MSA production

DMS and MSA measurements in the Antarctic Boundary Layer: impact of BrO on MSA production

Boundary layer physics over snow and ice

The role of ozone atmosphere-snow gas exchange on polar, boundary-layer tropospheric ozone – a review and sensitivity analysis

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