An Overview of Infrared Remote Sensing of Volcanic Activity

Blackett, Matthew

doi:10.3390/jimaging3020013

Cited by 66 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…both of these can be assumed; meanwhile, p is typically difficult to assume accurately and therefore has to be derived [22]. In this study, we set T c equal to the lowest brightness temperature detected in TIR for each thermal domain considered, with T c = 25 • C in the surrounding warm crust, T c = 50 • C in the surrounding hot crust, and T c = 85 • C in the active lava.…”

Section: Dual-band Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…both of these can be assumed; meanwhile, p is typically difficult to assume accurately and therefore has to be derived [22]. …”

Section: Dual-band Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The method uses the sensitivity difference between SWIR (band 6) and TIR (band 10) to detect pixel hot spots instead of using mid-infrared (MIR) as in NTI (Normalized Thermal Index) [22,24]. The objective of TEI is to provide a new variant for a hotspot thermal index derived by using data from the medium spatial resolution satellite Landsat 8.…”

Section: Thermal Eruption Index (Tei)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The selection of band 6 and 10 are considered to minimize oversaturation effects over active lava flows. According to Blackett [22], Landsat 8 has an enhanced dynamic range compared to Landsat ETM+: this means that temperatures of up to 747.9 K can be detected without saturation in band 6 as compared with those for the corresponding ETM+ band 724.5 K. Acquisition dates are selected according to the availability and quality of data covering the eruption (Table 1), we only took the data where cloud coverage is minimal. The data can be downloaded from the U.S Geological Survey (USGS) website (https://earthexplorer.usgs.gov).…”

Section: Datasetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Insights for Detecting and Deriving Thermal Properties of Lava Flow Using Infrared Satellite during 2014–2015 Effusive Eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland

et al. 2018

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Abstract:A new lava field was formed at Holuhraun in the Icelandic Highlands, north of Vatnajökull glacier, in 2014Vatnajökull glacier, in -2015. It was the largest effusive eruption in Iceland for 230 years, with an estimated lava bulk volume of~1.44 km 3 covering an area of~84 km 2 . Satellite-based remote sensing is commonly used as preliminary assessment of large scale eruptions since it is relatively efficient for collecting and processing the data. Landsat-8 infrared datasets were used in this study, and we used dual-band technique to determine the subpixel temperature (T h ) of the lava. We developed a new spectral index called the thermal eruption index (TEI) based on the shortwave infrared (SWIR) and thermal infrared (TIR) bands allowing us to differentiate thermal domain within the lava flow field. Lava surface roughness effects are accounted by using the Hurst coefficient (H) for deriving the radiant flux (Φ rad ) and the crust thickness (∆h). Here, we compare the results derived from satellite images with field measurements. The result from 2 December 2014 shows that a temperature estimate (1096 • C; occupying area of 3.05 m 2 ) from a lava breakout has a close correspondence with a thermal camera measurement (1047 • C; occupying area of 4.52 m 2 ). We also found that the crust thickness estimate in the lava channel during 6 September 2014 (~3.4-7.7 m) compares closely with the lava height measurement from the field (~2.6-6.6 m); meanwhile, the total radiant flux peak is underestimated (~8 GW) compared to other studies (~25 GW), although the trend shows good agreement with both field observation and other studies. This study provides new insights for monitoring future effusive eruption using infrared satellite images.

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Section: Dual-band Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…both of these can be assumed; meanwhile, p is typically difficult to assume accurately and therefore has to be derived [22]. …”

Section: Dual-band Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Thermal Eruption Index (Tei)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Datasetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New Insights for Detecting and Deriving Thermal Properties of Lava Flow Using Infrared Satellite during 2014–2015 Effusive Eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland

et al. 2018

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“…The theoretical base of volcanic IR remote sensing stems from the relationship between the kinetic temperature of an object and its spectral radiance (energy radiated from the object per unit of wavelength), as expressed by Planck's function (Blackett, ; Wooster & Rothery, ):…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Volcanic Activity at Different Time Scales Using Hypertemporal Land Surface Temperature Data

et al. 2017

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We apply a method for detecting subtle spatiotemporal signal fluctuations to monitor volcanic activity. Whereas midwave infrared data are commonly used for volcanic hot spot detection, our approach utilizes hypertemporal longwave infrared‐based land surface temperature (LST) data. Using LST data of the second‐generation European Meteorological Satellites, we study (a) a paroxysmal, 1 day long eruption of Mount Etna (Italy); (b) a prolonged, 6 month period of effusive and lateral lava flows of the Nyamuragira volcano (Democratic Republic of Congo); and (c) intermittent activity in the permanent lava lake of Nyiragongo (Democratic Republic of Congo) over a period of 2 years (2011–2012). We compare our analysis with published ground‐based observations and satellite‐based alert systems; results agree on the periods of increased volcanic activity and quiescence. We further apply our analysis on mid‐infrared and long‐infrared brightness temperatures and compare the results. We conclude that our study enables the use of LST data for monitoring volcanic dynamics at different time scales, can complement existing methodologies, and allows for use of long time series from older sensors that do not provide midwave infrared data.

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Monitoring of Eruptive Products: Pyroclastic Density Currents and Their Deposits

Tadini¹,

Gurioli²,

Charbonnier³

et al. 2022

Hazards and Monitoring of Volcanic Activity 3

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An Overview of Infrared Remote Sensing of Volcanic Activity

Cited by 66 publications

References 107 publications

New Insights for Detecting and Deriving Thermal Properties of Lava Flow Using Infrared Satellite during 2014–2015 Effusive Eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland

New Insights for Detecting and Deriving Thermal Properties of Lava Flow Using Infrared Satellite during 2014–2015 Effusive Eruption at Holuhraun, Iceland

Study of Volcanic Activity at Different Time Scales Using Hypertemporal Land Surface Temperature Data

Monitoring of Eruptive Products: Pyroclastic Density Currents and Their Deposits

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