An overview of geopolymers derived from industrial by-products

Mehta, Ankur; Siddique, Rafat

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.09.136

Cited by 296 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…With respect to the mechanical properties of geopolymers, Table lists the compressive and bending strengths of the geopolymer samples N2C8 and N5C5, the latter of which is pictured in Figure . In contrast to typical geopolymers, the mechanical properties of these samples are not very impressive due to low sodium content. Most alkali‐activated geopolymers with excellent mechanical properties are based on high‐alkali compositions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Geopolymers are aluminosilicate cement materials which are usually prepared by alkali hydroxide or alkali silicate activation of aluminosilicate sources such as coal fly ash, calcined kaolinite, slag, or red mud. [1][2][3][4] As a reduced-CO 2 cement material, geopolymers are actively being developed at present as a potential alternative to Portland-based cements. 5 Geopolymers possess three-dimensional oxide network structures and are characterized by properties such as excellent mechanical strength, corrosion resistance, water resistance, high-temperature resistance, and enclosed metal ions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sintering of metakaolin‐based Na/Ca‐geopolymers and their immobilization of Cs

et al. 2019

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Metakaolin‐based Na/Ca‐geopolymers with a designed composition close to feldspar were used as precursors of Cs immobilization form materials. The sintering behaviors of geopolymers and their sintered materials' immobilization of Cs ions were investigated; the results indicated that the major phases of sintered geopolymers are plagioclase feldspars and feldspathoid. With the addition of Cs to the geopolymers, Cs‐leucite phase and caesium silicates were formed at 1150°C and 1170°C, respectively. It was found that Cs addition can slightly decrease the sintering temperature of geopolymers and make the grains finer. In addition, in order to reduce the volatilization of Cs ions during sintering, sintering temperatures of Cs‐geopolymer were further decreased to 850°C by introducing B2O3. After the geopolymer and Cs‐geopolymer were sintered using a low‐temperature liquid‐phase process, they remained structurally plagioclase feldspars and feldspathoid. Leaching on Product Consistency Test indicates that the leaching concentrations of Cs‐geopolymer samples sintered at higher temperatures are lower than those of samples sintered at lower temperatures. Thus, the increased volatilization of Cs ions at the higher temperatures and the formation of Cs‐leucite phase and caesium silicates can lead to the decrease of leaching concentrations in leachates. Therefore, low sintering temperatures and the fabrication of Cs crystalline ceramics are the key factors toward improving the immobilization of Cs ions.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sintering of metakaolin‐based Na/Ca‐geopolymers and their immobilization of Cs

et al. 2019

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“…Several works highlight that heat curing improves the strength characteristics of GPC [7][8][9]. Applying heat curing in field applications is one of the biggest limitations [10]. Incorporation of Alccofine improved the mechanical properties of GPC at ambient temperature, further strength increases with an increase in NaOH molarity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ultrafine Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag (UFGGBFS) and Copper Slag on Ambient Cured Geopolymer Concrete

Rathanasalam¹,

Perumalsami²,

Karthikeyan³

2019

ACSM

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This paper explores deep into the effects of mineral admixtures, e.g. ultrafine ground granulated blast-furnace slag (UFGGBFS) and copper slag (CPS), on ambient cured geopolymer concrete (GPC). First, a GPC was prepared from mineral admixtures like the UFGGBFS, fly ash and the CPS, and alkali activators like sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3). Then, 10M, 12M and 14M GPC samples were created, with UFGGBFS content of 0%, 5%, 10% and 15%, respectively. These samples were subjected to compressive strength tests, rapid chloride permeability test (RCPT), X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the GPC samples achieved good compressive strength after 56 days of ambient curing; with the increase of the UFGGBFS content, the porosities and RCPT values of the samples decreased after 180 days of ambient curing; the samples with different mix ratios all showed good performance with the growth in molar concentration. The research results shed new light on the development of eco-friendly alternatives to cementitious GPC.

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“…Fly ash is widely used in cement and concrete because of its fineness and pozzolanic and sometimes self-cementitious nature that most research focus nowadays almost around the world. Due to their enrichment in potentially toxic trace elements, fly ash particles are considered to be highly contaminating which condense from the flue gas [1][2][3]. Fly ash from pulverized coal combustion is categorized as such a pozzolan [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%