An overview of epigenetics and chemoprevention

Huang, Yi Wen; Kuo, Chieh Ti; Stoner, Kristen; Huang, Tim; Wang, Li Shu

doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2010.11.002

Cited by 48 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 66 publications

(109 reference statements)

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“…More importantly, the reversibility of epigenetic alterations opens novel mechanism-based approaches not only to cancer treatment but also to the timely prevention of cancer [142]. However, despite a very promising outlook on the benefits of epigenetic biomarkers, additional studies are still needed to better define the nature and mechanisms of epigenetic abnormalities in respect to carcinogenic processes [60,143,144].…”

Section: Epigenetic Alterations and The Evaluation Of Cancer Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Toxicants, Epigenetics, and Cancer

Pogribny

Rusyn

2012

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

104

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Tumorigenesis, a complex and multifactorial progressive process of transformation of normal cells into malignant cells, is characterized by the accumulation of multiple cancer-specific heritable phenotypes triggered by the mutational and/or non-mutational (i.e., epigenetic) events. Accumulating evidence suggests that environmental and occupational exposures to natural substances, as well as man-made chemical and physical agents, play a causative role in human cancer. In a broad sense, carcinogenesis may be induced through either genotoxic or non-genotoxic mechanisms; however, both genotoxic and non-genotoxic carcinogens also cause prominent epigenetic changes. This review presents current evidence of the epigenetic alterations induced by various chemical carcinogens, including arsenic, 1,3-butadine, and pharmaceutical and biological agents, and highlights the potential for epigenetic changes to serve as markers for carcinogen exposure and cancer risk assessment.

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Section: Epigenetic Alterations and The Evaluation Of Cancer Riskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Toxicants, Epigenetics, and Cancer

Pogribny

Rusyn

2012

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology

104

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“…3 Despite advancements in treatment, ovarian cancer continues to have the highest mortality rate among gynecologic neoplasms. 9 Hospice service is an interdisciplinary team approach to providing comprehensive physical, psychological, social, and spiritual support for patients with terminally ill diseases and their families and bereavement support for family members after the death of said patients. Few studies have examined end-of-life (EOL) care and health care costs for patients with ovarian cancer.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

End-of-Life Care for Patients With Advanced Ovarian Cancer Is Aggressive Despite Hospice Intervention

Chiang¹,

Hsu²,

Lin³

et al. 2018

International Journal of Gynecological Cancer

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“…Changes in the epigenome (ones that that are not rooted in a genetic mutation) are an exciting target for treatment because those changes are reversible, while (as of yet) genetic errors are not [76]. …”

Section: Direct Changes In Factors Regulating the Epigenomementioning

confidence: 99%

Biosemiotic Entropy of the Genome: Mutations and Epigenetic Imbalances Resulting in Cancer

Gryder

Nelson

Shepard

2013

Entropy

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Biosemiotic entropy involves the deterioration of biological sign systems. The genome is a coded sign system that is connected to phenotypic outputs through the interpretive functions of the tRNA/ribosome machinery. This symbolic sign system (semiosis) at the core of all biology has been termed "biosemiosis". Layers of biosemiosis and cellular information management are analogous in varying degrees to the semiotics of computer programming, spoken, and written human languages. Biosemiotic entropy-an error or deviation from a healthy state-results from errors in copying functional information (mutations) and errors in the appropriate context or quantity of gene expression (epigenetic imbalance). The concept of biosemiotic entropy is a deeply imbedded assumption in the study of cancer biology. Cells have a homeostatic, preprogrammed, ideal or healthy state that is rooted in genomics, strictly orchestrated by epigenetic regulation, and maintained by DNA repair mechanisms. Cancer is an eminent illustration of biosemiotic entropy, in which the corrosion of genetic information via substitutions, deletions, insertions, fusions, and aberrant regulation results in malignant phenotypes. However, little attention has been given to explicitly outlining the paradigm of biosemiotic entropy in the context of cancer. Herein we distill semiotic theory (from the familiar and well understood spheres of human language and computer code) to draw analogies useful for understanding the operation of biological semiosis at the genetic level. OPEN ACCESSEntropy 2013, 15 235We propose that the myriad checkpoints, error correcting mechanisms, and immunities are all systems whose primary role is to defend against the constant pressure of biosemiotic entropy, which malignancy must shut down in order to achieve advanced stages. In lieu of the narrower tumor suppressor/oncogene model, characterization of oncogenesis into the biosemiotic framework of sign, index, or object entropy may allow for more effective explanatory hypotheses for cancer diagnosis, with consequence in improving profiling and bettering therapeutic outcomes.

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An overview of epigenetics and chemoprevention

Cited by 48 publications

References 66 publications

Environmental Toxicants, Epigenetics, and Cancer

Environmental Toxicants, Epigenetics, and Cancer

End-of-Life Care for Patients With Advanced Ovarian Cancer Is Aggressive Despite Hospice Intervention

Biosemiotic Entropy of the Genome: Mutations and Epigenetic Imbalances Resulting in Cancer

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