An Overview of Discrete Nanoformulated Flavonoids and Its Implication in Cancer

Abstract

The nanoformulation of phytochemical has been developed to withdraw the drawbacks of conventional phytochemical. Nanoformulations are the nanosized particles, modified in order to improve the delivery of active phytochemicals in the target, to improve bioavailability, and solubility. Early researches shows that various phytochemicals like curcumin, Hesperidin, resveratrol, ellagic acid, essential oil, Naringenin, and quercitin are highly modified to form the nanoformulated compounds to improve its bio-activities. The nanoformulated phytochemicals are syntheized by various methods such as high energy and low energy emulsification, electrostatic stabilization, emulsification/reverse salting-out, nanoprecipitation, emulsification/solvent diffusion, solvent evaporation, and multi-arm Nanoconjugates, enzyme responsive nanoconjugates, core-crosslinked nanoconjugate hydrophobic–hydrophilic nanoconjugates, and nanoconjugate-based solid dispersion. Interestingly, the encapsulation of phytochemicals with surfactants, oils, emulsifying agents, salting-out agents will promote the antioxidant, antitumor, cytotoxic agents and antimicrobial effects than a raw phytochemicals. Various studies showed that phytochemicals are nanoformulated by the nanoemulsion method are better in terms of active target drug delivery, increasing bioavailability and it also act as an effective biological and diagnosting agents. This review focus on Innovative approaches to nanoformulated phytochemicals and their biomedical applications.