An overview of developments and applications of oceanographic radar networks in Asia and Oceania countries

Fujii, Satoshi; Heron, M.L.; Kim, Kuh; Lai, Jian-Wu; Lee, Sang Ho; Wu, Xiangbai; Wu, Xiongbin; Wyatt, L.R.; Yang, Wenchang

doi:10.1007/s12601-013-0007-0

Cited by 61 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Developed initially as a research-based tool, HFR technology has reached a maturity stage such that national and international operational programs and networks make extensive use of HFR capabilities in order to provide reliable sea surface maps over a variety of temporal and spatial scales [1][2][3][4]. Several genres of HFR systems are available [18,22], classified on the basis of the approach used to resolve the direction of the sea echo.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shore-based high-frequency radar (HFR) systems, operating in the frequency range between 3-30 MHz, are extensively used to remotely sense ocean currents in coastal areas, and for operational purposes [1]. More than 100 HFR systems are presently in operation in the US [2], with increasing numbers of installations in the Asia-Pacific region [3,4] and Europe [5,6]. Extensive analyses have proven the general reliability and limitations of HFR systems, including their ability to record oceanographic features at different spatial and temporal scales, their usefulness for the validation of to combine radial data from different HFR types and estimate the accuracy of the resulting vector maps for operational purposes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interoperability of Direction-Finding and Beam-Forming High-Frequency Radar Systems: An Example from the Australian High-Frequency Ocean Radar Network

Cosoli

Vos

2019

Remote Sensing

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Direction-finding SeaSonde (4.463 MHz; 5.2625 MHz) and phased-array WEllen RAdar WERA (9.33 MHz; 13.5 MHz) High-frequency radar (HFR) systems are routinely operated in Australia for scientific research, operational modeling, coastal monitoring, fisheries, and other applications. Coverage of WERA and SeaSonde HFRs in Western Australia overlap. Comparisons with subsurface currents show that both HFR types agree well with current meter records. Correlation (R), root-mean-squares differences (RMSDs), and mean bias (bias) for hourly-averaged radial currents range between R = (−0.03, 0.78), RMSD = (9.2, 30.3) cm/s, and bias = (−5.2, 5.2) cm/s for WERAs; and R = (0.1, 0.76), RMSD = (17.4, 33.6) cm/s, bias = (0.03, 0.36) cm/s for SeaSonde HFRs. Pointing errors (θ) are in the range θ = (1°, 21°) for SeaSonde HFRs, and θ = (3°, 8°) for WERA HFRs. For WERA HFR current components, comparison metrics are RU = (−0.12, 0.86), RMSDU = (12.3, 15.7) cm/s, biasU = (−5.1, −0.5) cm/s; and, RV = (0.61, 0.86), RMSDV = (15.4, 21.1) cm/s, and biasV = (−0.5, 9.6) cm/s for the zonal (u) and the meridional (v) components. Magnitude and phase angle for the vector correlation are ρ = (0.58, 0.86), φ = (−10°, 28°). Good match was found in a direct comparison of SeaSonde and WERA HFR currents in their overlap (ρ = (0.19, 0.59), φ = (−4°, +54°)). Comparison metrics at the mooring slightly decrease when SeaSonde HFR radials are combined with WERA HFR: scalar (vector) correlations for RU, V, (ρ) are in the range RU = (−0.20, 0.83), RV = (0.39, 0.79), ρ = (0.47, 0.72). When directly compared over the same grid, however, vectors from WERA HFR radials and vectors from merged SeaSonde–WERA show RU (RV) exceeding 0.9 (0.7) within the HFR grid. Despite the intrinsic differences between the two types of radars used here, findings show that different HFR genres can be successfully merged, thus increasing current mapping capability of the existing HFR networks, and minimising operational downtime, however at a likely cost of slightly decreased data quality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interoperability of Direction-Finding and Beam-Forming High-Frequency Radar Systems: An Example from the Australian High-Frequency Ocean Radar Network

Cosoli

Vos

2019

Remote Sensing

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“…Among the different measuring systems, High Frequency Radar (HFR) technology offers a unique insight to coastal ocean variability, by providing high resolution data at the interface between ocean and atmosphere. Recent reviews on this technology and its applications worldwide have been provided by several authors (Gurgel et al, 1999;Fujii et al, 2013;Paduan and Washburn, 2013;Wyatt, 2014). HFRs are important sources of data for understanding the coupled ocean-atmosphere system and the different coastal circulation processes like ocean waves, wind-induced currents, tidal flows, (sub)mesoscale variability, and inertial oscillations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HF Radar Activity in European Coastal Seas: Next Steps toward a Pan-European HF Radar Network

et al. 2017

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High Frequency Radar (HFR) is a land-based remote sensing instrument offering a unique insight to coastal ocean variability, by providing synoptic, high frequency and high resolution data at the ocean atmosphere interface. HFRs have become invaluable tools in the field of operational oceanography for measuring surface currents, waves and winds, with direct applications in different sectors and an unprecedented potential for the integrated management of the coastal zone. In Europe, the number of HFR networks has been showing a significant growth over the past 10 years, with over 50 HFRs currently deployed and a number in the planning stage. There is also a growing literature concerning the use of this technology in research and operational oceanography. A big effort is made in Europe toward a coordinated development of coastal HFR technology and its products within the framework of different European and international initiatives. One recent initiative has been to make an up-to-date inventory of the existing HFR operational systems in Europe, describing the characteristics of the systems, their operational products and applications. This paper offers a comprehensive review on the present status of European HFR network, and discusses the next steps toward the integration of HFR platforms as operational components of the European Ocean Observing System, designed to align and integrate Europe's ocean observing capacity for a truly integrated end-to-end observing system for the European coasts.

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“…A. Current power HF radar is now a well-accepted technology for surface current measurement and is an important part of many operational oceanographic measurement networks ( [4], [10], [11], [12]). Current measurements are made from the Doppler shifts of the dominant peaks in the power spectrum of the radar signal which are induced by the movement of surface waves with half the radio wavelength.…”

Section: Hf Radar Capabilitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wave and tidal power measurement using HF radar

Wyatt¹

2018

Int. J. Mar. Ene.

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The use of HF radar systems located on the coast to measure ocean surface waves and currents is reviewed. Examples are given showing temporal, spatial and directional variability in the wave and tidal power resource. HF radars are unique in being able to provide such data continuously and over wide areas of sea where marine renewable installations are being considered or already in place. Two projects just getting underway at the time of writing are described. One will use HF radar to provide current and wave data for a French tidal stream power application and the other is aimed at supporting the Welsh Wave Hub site whilst also exploring methods to improve the robustness of the HF radar wave measurements.

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An overview of developments and applications of oceanographic radar networks in Asia and Oceania countries

Cited by 61 publications

References 28 publications

Interoperability of Direction-Finding and Beam-Forming High-Frequency Radar Systems: An Example from the Australian High-Frequency Ocean Radar Network

Interoperability of Direction-Finding and Beam-Forming High-Frequency Radar Systems: An Example from the Australian High-Frequency Ocean Radar Network

HF Radar Activity in European Coastal Seas: Next Steps toward a Pan-European HF Radar Network

Wave and tidal power measurement using HF radar

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