An overview of commercialization and marketization of thermoelectric generators for low-temperature waste heat recovery

Lee, Kuan-Ting; Lee, Da-Sheng; Chen, Wei-Hsin; Lin, Yu-Li; Luo, Ding; Park, Young-Kwon; Bandala, Argel

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2023.107874

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Waste heat can be classified as low-temperature (<200 • C), medium-temperature (200-500 • C), or high-temperature (>500 • C) waste heat [6]. Liu [7] reported that approximately 20 TWh of waste heat was generated in 2020 in China, with 31% at a low temperature, 27% at a medium temperature, and the rest at a high temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Exergy and Exergoeconomic Analysis of Cascade High-Temperature Heat Pump System for Recovery of Low-Temperature Waste Heat

Hu,

Shi,

Liu

et al. 2024

Energies

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Cascade high-temperature heat pumps (CHTHPs) are often applied to recover low-temperature industrial waste heat owing to their large temperature lift. Through a comprehensive consideration of thermodynamic and economic performance, conventional and advanced exergy and exergoeconomic analyses are employed in this study to evaluate the potential for the improvement in CHTHP systems. The results show that the avoidable endogenous exergy destruction in a CHTHP system accounts for 62.26% of its total exergy destruction, indicating that most of the exergy destruction comes from the components. This suggests that CHTHP systems still have significant potential for improvement. The very low exergoeconomic factor of the total system (only 0.75%) implies that the exergy destruction cost has a great influence on the economic performance of a CHTHP system. The high- and low-temperature compressors are the two components with the highest exergy destruction, accounting for 34.14% and 26.79% of the total exergy destruction in the system, respectively. Moreover, their exergy destruction cost is much larger than that of the other components. Thus, the priorities for improvement should be the high- and low-temperature compressors. The decrease in exergy destruction in compressors produces a reduction in carbon emissions. This comprehensive analysis of thermodynamic and economic performance supplies guidance for the engineering application of CHTHPs in low-temperature waste heat recovery.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Exergy and Exergoeconomic Analysis of Cascade High-Temperature Heat Pump System for Recovery of Low-Temperature Waste Heat

Hu,

Shi,

Liu

et al. 2024

Energies

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“…A few researchers have developed TEG applications in geothermal fields, i.e., Niu et al [32], Suter et al [33], Liu et al [24], and Li et al [34], but they are still limited to experimental and modeling studies with a temperature difference of 72.2-120 • C. The review paper on TEG applications conducted by Zoui et al [17] does not even mention the application of TEG to geothermal energy. The application of TEG for low-temperature geothermal heat was found in a review paper by Lee et al [35], which focused on discussing the commercialization of low-temperature TEGs. The paper explained that Taiwan, where most of its geothermal potential has low-temperature types in the form of hot springs, has developed a large-scale TEG-based power generation consisting of six sub-systems, where each system consists of 128 TEG elements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Application of Low-Temperature Geothermal Thermoelectric Power Generation (Lotemg–TPG) in Sari Ater Hot Spring, Ciater, Subang, West Java, Indonesia

Marpaung,

Supriyadi,

Lasmi

et al. 2024

Designs

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The use of surface geothermal manifestations in Indonesia is still very limited as a tourist attraction. Solid-state thermoelectric generator technology is an alternative to converting electrical energy directly from a heat source in the form of low-temperature geothermal manifestation. Low-temperature geothermal thermoelectric power generation (Lotemg–TPG) was designed, manufactured, and tested to take advantage of this opportunity. It was also applied to the Sari Ater Hot Spring, Ciater. The Lotemg–TPG unit comprises seven M8T modules in two frame blocks equipped with hot- and cold-water circulation channels. The M8T module is the main part of the Lotemg–TPG, which consists of eight TEG elements of type TEG1-241-1.4-1.2, flanked by a hot-side radiator and a cold-side radiator. The measurement results showed that at the temperature difference between the hot-side Th and the cold-side Tc of ∆T 17.38 °C, one module can produce 1.30 W of power, so the total power of the Lotemg–TPG unit is around 9.10 W. This result is quite good considering that the heat source is obtained for free, and the device can operate to produce stable electrical power.

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“…These studies preliminarily investigate the feasibility of TEG in PEMFCs waste heat recovery and demonstrate its advantages including no noise and vibration, wide adaptability to various heat sources, and environmental protection. 47 , 48 However, these investigations are largely confined to applications involving one or a limited number of thermoelectric modules (TEMs), which are difficult to scale up for real PEMFCs. To advance power generation capacity further, it is imperative to enhance the power output of individual TEMs and simultaneously increase the integration density of TEMs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demonstration of a thermoelectric generator system for low-temperature heat harvesting in fuel cell

Zhang,

Luo,

Zhang

et al. 2024

iScience

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An overview of commercialization and marketization of thermoelectric generators for low-temperature waste heat recovery

Cited by 9 publications

References 85 publications

Advanced Exergy and Exergoeconomic Analysis of Cascade High-Temperature Heat Pump System for Recovery of Low-Temperature Waste Heat

Advanced Exergy and Exergoeconomic Analysis of Cascade High-Temperature Heat Pump System for Recovery of Low-Temperature Waste Heat

Design and Application of Low-Temperature Geothermal Thermoelectric Power Generation (Lotemg–TPG) in Sari Ater Hot Spring, Ciater, Subang, West Java, Indonesia

Demonstration of a thermoelectric generator system for low-temperature heat harvesting in fuel cell

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