An overview of CO2 capture technologies

Abstract

In this paper, three of the leading options for large scale CO 2 capture are reviewed from a technical perspective. We consider solvent-based chemisorption techniques, carbonate looping technology and the so-called oxy-fuel process. For each technology option, we give an overview of the technology, listing advantages and disadvantages. Subsequently, a discussion of the level of technological maturity is presented, and we conclude by identifying current gaps in knowledge and suggest areas with significant scope for future work. We then investigate the suitability of using ionic liquids as novel, environmentally benign solvents with which to capture CO 2 . In addition, we consider alternatives to simply sequestering CO 2 -we present a discussion on the possibility of recycling captured CO 2 and exploiting it as a C 1 building block for the sustainable manufacture of polymers, fine chemicals and liquid fuels. Finally, we present a discussion of relevant systems engineering methodologies in carbon capture system design.

Aluminium coordination complexes in copolymerization reactions of carbon dioxide and epoxides

“…38 They also studied the individual components of the catalyst system including the free ligand, TPPH 2 , which was inactive, and Et 4 NBr, which produced a low yield of cyclic propylene carbonate. In the absence of the co-catalytic quaternary salt, (TPP)AlCl and (TPP)Al(PO) 2 Cl afforded oligomeric products (M n 3000-3600) with a high percentage of ether linkages (76-80%). In the presence of Et 4 NBr, the Al catalysts produced oligomeric products (M n 1900-3300) with a high percentage of carbonate linkages (70-75%).…”

“…[49][50][51] In ROP of CHO, alcohols could be employed as chain transfer agents with no loss in catalytic activity, 50 and it was subsequently shown that iPrOH could be used as a chain transfer agent in the copolymerization of PO with carbon dioxide. 51 The most active of the alkoxide complexes studied in the copolymerization of CHO with carbon dioxide, (CyO) 2 AlCl, produced 340 g of polymer per gram Al in a 24 h period, 49 and for the copolymerization of PO with carbon dioxide, {(C 6 H 5 ) 3 CO} 2 -AlOC 6 H 10 O i Pr, produced 95 g polymer per gram Al in a 24 h period. 51 They employed 27 Al NMR to look at the structure of catalysts in solution (in the absence of carbon dioxide) and observed 5-and 6-coordinate species.…”

Recent Advances in the Use of Carbonyl Compounds as Active Components in Organic-Based Batteries

“…These have therefore resulted to a quest for a low-carbon society where intensive research efforts have been channeled towards the field of renewable energy. Several renewable energy options such as the solar, wind, biomass, hydropower and tidal energies were proposed and investigated with the hope that they can proffer solutions to mitigate the aforementioned crisis [3][4][5][6]. The efficient utilization of such intermittent energy sources requires effective and flexible storage systems [7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

Carbon capture in molten salts

“…High-temperature post-combustion removal (HT-CCS) by carbonate looping has been identified by The European Technology Platform for Zero-Emission Power Generation (ZEP) as one of the most promising methods in the developing stage [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. The concept relies on absorption of CO 2 by CaO with formation of CaCO 3 in the solid state. CaCO 3 is subsequently stripped for CO 2 and CaO is regenerated by raising the temperature [4][5][6].…”

“…The concept relies on absorption of CO 2 by CaO with formation of CaCO 3 in the solid state. CaCO 3 is subsequently stripped for CO 2 and CaO is regenerated by raising the temperature [4][5][6]. CaO is frequently chosen as the active substance in the solid-state carbonate looping system, but other alkali-earth metal oxides may be used similarly.…”