“…As a model of an adaptive and cosmopolitan species, the Common carp (Cyprinus carpio), belonging to the group of teleosts and more speci cally to the cyprinids, possesses characteristics that allow it to survive and thrive in a wide range of aquatic environments worldwide (GISD, 2023). Some of these include tolerance to a wide range of temperatures, as it can survive in waters with temperatures ranging from 4 to 30°C (Liang et al, 2015;Sfakianakis et al, 2004;Vajargah & Vatandoust, 2022), ability to adapt to different oxygen levels, surviving in environments with very low oxygen levels, even in stagnant and poorly oxygenated waters (Zhao et al, 2014;Bauer & Schlott, 2006), ability to adapt to different levels of salinity, both in freshwater and saltwater, allowing it to inhabit rivers, lakes, reservoirs, lagoons, and estuaries (Mubarik et al, 2019;Ahmed & Jaffar, 2022;Malik et al, 2018), a omnivorous diet, adapting to different types of food, including aquatic plants, invertebrates, and small sh, allowing it to take advantage of a wide variety of food resources in different environments (Wei et al, 2021;Horváth, 2019) and size and longevity, growing up to around one meter in length and several kilograms in weight and living up to several decades, allowing it to resist and adapt to longterm environmental changes (Vilizzi & Copp, 2017;Vajargah & Vatandoust, 2022;Hailu, 2013). Together, these characteristics make the Common carp a highly adaptable species.…”