An overview of autologous chondrocyte implantation

Gikas, Panagiotis D.; Bayliss, Lee; Bentley, G.; Briggs, Timothy

doi:10.1302/0301-620x.91b8.21824

Cited by 87 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…One major limitation for cell-based therapeutic approaches in articular cartilage regeneration is the lack of sufficient numbers of differentiated HAC at the time of implantation (Gikas et al, 2009). Bone marrow-derived MSC represent an alternative providing that their default hypertrophic pathway could be prevented.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micromass co-culture of human articular chondrocytes and human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to investigate stable neocartilage tissue formation in vitro

Giovannini

Diaz-Romero²,

Aigner³

et al. 2010

eCM

140

107

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Cell therapies for articular cartilage defects rely on expanded chondrocytes. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) represent an alternative cell source should their hypertrophic differentiation pathway be prevented. Possible cellular instruction between human articular chondrocytes (HAC) and human bone marrow MSC was investigated in micromass pellets. HAC and MSC were mixed in different percentages or incubated individually in pellets for 3 or 6 weeks with and without TGF-β1 and dexamethasone (±T±D) as chondrogenic factors. Collagen II, collagen X and S100 protein expression were assessed using immunohistochemistry. Proteoglycan synthesis was evaluated applying the Bern score and quantified using dimethylmethylene blue dye binding assay. Alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) was detected on cryosections and soluble ALP measured in pellet supernatants. HAC alone generated hyaline-like discs, while MSC formed spheroid pellets in ±T±D. Co-cultured pellets changed from disc to spheroid shape with decreasing number of HAC, and displayed random cell distribution. In -T-D, HAC expressed S100, produced GAG and collagen II, and formed lacunae, while MSC did not produce any cartilagespecific proteins. Based on GAG, collagen type II and S100 expression chondrogenic differentiation occurred in -T-D MSC co-cultures. However, quantitative experimental GAG and DNA values did not differ from predicted values, suggesting only HAC contribution to GAG production. MSC produced cartilage-specific matrix only in +T+D but underwent hypertrophy in all pellet cultures. In summary, influence of HAC on MSC was restricted to early signs of neochondrogenesis. However, MSC did not contribute to the proteoglycan deposition, and HAC could not prevent hypertrophy of MSC induced by chondrogenic stimuli.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micromass co-culture of human articular chondrocytes and human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to investigate stable neocartilage tissue formation in vitro

Giovannini

Diaz-Romero²,

Aigner³

et al. 2010

eCM

140

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The same behavior was observed in ASCs co-culture pellets (data not shown). Pellet cell number evaluation revealed that, starting from 4x10 5 (Fig. 2a).…”

Section: Quantification Ofgags and Dna Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence on Chondrogenesis of Human Osteoarthritic Chondrocytes in Co-Culture with Donor-Matched Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Infrapatellar Fat Pad and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue

Lopa

Colombini

Sansone

et al. 2013

Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol

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Co-culture of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and articular chondrocytes (ACs) has been proposed for autologous cartilage cell-based therapies, to overcome the issues associated to limited availability of articular chondrocytes (ACs). To evaluate the potentiality of a co-culture approach in aged osteoarthritic patients, MSCs from infrapatellar fat pad (IFP-MSCs) and knee subcutaneous adipose tissue (ASCs) were co-cultured with donor-matched osteoarthritic, expanded and cryopreserved, ACs in a 75%/25% ratio. Co-cultures were prepared also from nasal chondrocytes (NCs) to evaluate their possible use as an alternative to ACs. Pellets were differentiated for 14 days, using mono-cultures of each cell type as reference. Chondrogenic genes SOX9, COL2Al, ACAN were less expressed in co-cultures compared to ACs and NCs. Total GAGs content in co-cultures did not differ significantly from values predicted as the sum of each cell type contribution corrected for the co-culture ratio, as confirmed by histology. No significant differences were observed for GAGslDNA in mono-cultures, demonstrating a reduced chondrogenic potential of ACs and NCs. In conclusion, a small percentage of expanded and cryopreserved ACs and NCs did not lead to IFP-MSCs and ASCs chondro-induction. Our results suggest that chondrogenic potential and origin of chondrocytes may playa relevant role in the outcome of co-cultures, indicating a need for further investigations to demonstrate their clinical relevance in the treatment of aged osteoarthritic patients.

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“…Conversely, MFx is known to be less effective in patients with larger chondral lesions (2-4 cm 2 ) or early osteoarthritis [13]. In the knee and talus, large chondral defects are successfully treated with autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) or matrix-associated autologous chondrocyte implantation (MACI) [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. ACI has also been effectively used in the hip.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Five-year results of arthroscopic techniques for the treatment of acetabular chondral lesions in femoroacetabular impingement

Mancini

Fontana²

2014

International Orthopaedics (SICOT)

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Purpose This study assesses and compares the clinical outcomes of the arthroscopic matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implant (MACI) and autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis (AMIC) techniques for the treatment of acetabular chondral defects between 2 and 4 cm 2 consequent to femoral acetabular impingement. Methods Fifty-seven consecutive patients were treated with the MACI (n=26) or AMIC (n=31) technique. Patients were assessed pre-operatively and up to five years using the modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS) to compare outcomes. Results In both the MACI and AMIC groups, significant hip score improvements were measured over baseline levels at six months post-op (81.2±8.4 for MACI, 80.3±8.3 for AMIC, both p<0.001). The mHHS continued to improve up to three years post-op and remained stable over time until the final five year follow-up. Statistically significant differences between the groups were not observed. The mean mHHS improvement at the five year follow-up with respect to preoperative level was 37.8±5.9 and 39.1±5.9 in patients who underwent MACI and AMIC, respectively (NS). Subgroup analysis of both MACI and AMIC treatment outcomes for patients with an initial chondral defect larger than 3 cm 2 yielded comparable results at each time point. Conclusions This study suggests that both arthroscopic MACI and AMIC are valid procedures to repair mediumsized chondral defects on the acetabular side of the hip found during treatment of femoroacetabular impingement. Due to its high sustainability and minimal invasiveness, the single-stage AMIC procedure can reduce total treatment time and minimise morbidity while providing the same beneficial effects as the two-stage MACI intervention.

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An overview of autologous chondrocyte implantation

Cited by 87 publications

References 48 publications

Micromass co-culture of human articular chondrocytes and human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to investigate stable neocartilage tissue formation in vitro

Micromass co-culture of human articular chondrocytes and human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to investigate stable neocartilage tissue formation in vitro

Influence on Chondrogenesis of Human Osteoarthritic Chondrocytes in Co-Culture with Donor-Matched Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Infrapatellar Fat Pad and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue

Five-year results of arthroscopic techniques for the treatment of acetabular chondral lesions in femoroacetabular impingement

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