An overview of Asian cement industry: Environmental impacts, research methodologies and mitigation measures

Ahmed, Mushaer; Bashar, Imranul; Alam, Shah; Wasi, Absar Ishraq; Jerin, Ismat; Khatun, Sinthea; Rahman, M D Sayedur

doi:10.1016/j.spc.2021.07.024

Cited by 45 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Studies in Asia assessing the environmental impact of the cement industry and alternative approaches to reducing carbon emissions tend to support improvements in energy efficiency [20], the use of alternative energies [21], a reduction in the "clinker-to-cement ratio" [4], and technological improvements [22] as main strategies to mitigate carbon emissions [23]. However, such alternatives require government support, attractive incentives, research and development efforts, access to finance, and broader infrastructure.…”

Section: Introduction 1backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies to Control Industrial Emissions: An Analytical Network Process Approach in East Java, Indonesia

et al. 2023

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This study identified the main agents, problems, solutions, and strategies for lowering industrial carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in the cement industry in East Java, Indonesia, by applying an analytical network process. Respondents included government officials, industrial representatives, and environmental experts. This study revealed that (1) regulators are the critical agents controlling emissions; (2) the three major problems faced when aiming to reduce industrial emissions are limited environmental knowledge, inadequate infrastructure, and unsound regulations; (3) the main solutions are education, socialization, and infrastructure improvement; and (4) the institutional approach is preferable to command-and-control and economic incentives. This suggests that policymakers should collaborate closely with regulators, firms, and communities to more effectively control emissions and encourage environmentally friendly industrial practices. Economic incentives are not preferable strategies, most likely because of insufficient environmental knowledge, market distortion due to subsidies, and low viability. However, the institutional approach incurs higher costs due to political, administrative, and legal processes. Parties may agree on achieving socioeconomic demands but not environmental output. The institutional approach also requires extra investment in education and socialization as well as government support for infrastructure development and a better regulatory framework.

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Section: Introduction 1backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies to Control Industrial Emissions: An Analytical Network Process Approach in East Java, Indonesia

et al. 2023

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“…20,21 Many researchers around the world are looking for the use of geopolymer concrete in practical applications. 22,23 Despite the excellent performance, large-scale applications of geopolymer concrete are a function of suitable supply (comparable to OPC production) of Al-Si source materials, 24,25 such as low calcium fly ash (FA), FA in combination with ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS), metakaolin, bottom ash, and silica fume, etc. [26][27][28] However scanty amounts of traditional SCMs that are rich in Al-Si highlight a potential challenge for the mass production of geopolymer concrete in the future using traditional Al-Si materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties and life cycle assessment of sugarcane bagasse and corn cob ashes‐based geopolymer concrete to promote circular economy

Umer

Aḥmad

Abdullah

et al. 2023

Structural Concrete

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Geopolymer concrete (GC) has emerged as an environmentally friendly alternative to ordinary concrete, resulting from the alkalination of an Alumino‐Silicate (Al‐Si) source material. Large‐scale applications of GC are predicated on a suitable supply of Al‐Si sources, however rapid depletion of traditional sources like fly ash imposes a challenge therein and alternative source materials need to be identified. Agricultural waste ashes (AGWA) also exhibit high Al‐Si content; therefore, in this study, two AGWA, that is, Corn Cob Ash (CCA) and Sugarcane Bagasse Ash (SCBA) were used in lieu of fly ash for GC synthesis. The results for workability and mechanical testing showed that properties of GC remained intact for up to 20% and 10% CCA and SCBA, respectively. Life cycle assessment showed that AGWA‐based GC reduced the greenhouse gas emissions of ordinary concrete by 49% and can be used as an environmentally friendly alternative thereof, thus contributing to the circular economy.

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“…OPC manufacturing emits around 4 billion tons of CO 2 annually and emits nearly 5-7% of overall CO 2 worldwide [7,8]. Numerous measures have been attempted to mitigate the effects of OPC production and consumption in response to growing concerns about environmental protection and climate change [9][10][11][12][13]. These consist of the use of supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), as well as the recycling of waste materials, in order to decrease the dependency on OPC in construction [14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Artificial Intelligence Strategies to Estimate the Strength of Geopolymer Composites and Influence of Input Parameters

et al. 2022

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Geopolymers might be the superlative alternative to conventional cement because it is produced from aluminosilicate-rich waste sources to eliminate the issues associated with its manufacture and use. Geopolymer composites (GPCs) are gaining popularity, and their research is expanding. However, casting, curing, and testing specimens requires significant effort, price, and time. For research to be efficient, it is essential to apply novel approaches to the said objective. In this study, compressive strength (CS) of GPCs was anticipated using machine learning (ML) approaches, i.e., one single method (support vector machine (SVM)) and two ensembled algorithms (gradient boosting (GB) and extreme gradient boosting (XGB)). All models’ validity and comparability were tested using the coefficient of determination (R2), statistical tests, and k-fold analysis. In addition, a model-independent post hoc approach known as SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) was employed to investigate the impact of input factors on the CS of GPCs. In predicting the CS of GPCs, it was observed that ensembled ML strategies performed better than the single ML technique. The R2 for the SVM, GB, and XGB models were 0.98, 0.97, and 0.93, respectively. The lowered error values of the models, including mean absolute and root mean square errors, further verified the enhanced precision of the ensembled ML approaches. The SHAP analysis revealed a stronger positive correlation between GGBS and GPC′s CS. The effects of NaOH molarity, NaOH, and Na2SiO3 were also observed as more positive. Fly ash and gravel size: 10/20 mm have both beneficial and negative impacts on the GPC′s CS. Raising the concentration of these ingredients enhances the CS, whereas increasing the concentration of GPC reduces it. Gravel size: 4/10 mm has less favorable and more negative effects. ML techniques will benefit the construction sector by offering rapid and cost-efficient solutions for assessing material characteristics.

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An overview of Asian cement industry: Environmental impacts, research methodologies and mitigation measures

Cited by 45 publications

References 102 publications

Strategies to Control Industrial Emissions: An Analytical Network Process Approach in East Java, Indonesia

Strategies to Control Industrial Emissions: An Analytical Network Process Approach in East Java, Indonesia

Mechanical properties and life cycle assessment of sugarcane bagasse and corn cob ashes‐based geopolymer concrete to promote circular economy

Assessment of Artificial Intelligence Strategies to Estimate the Strength of Geopolymer Composites and Influence of Input Parameters

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