“…Thermal plasmas have some advantages, i.e., high temperature, high intensity, non-ionising radiation, and high energy density, while its drawback especially from an economic perspective, is the use of electrical power as the energy source, which leads to high construction, operation, and maintenance costs. However, a complete comparative cost evaluation often demonstrates the economic viability of plasma-based technologies (Gomez et al, 2009;Sikarwar et al, 2016). Compared with thermal plasmas, cold plasmas have lower temperatures, degrees of ionisation, and energy densities, and therefore, are applied for applications such as tar removal, local surface modification, or surface activation (Gomez et al, 2009;Du et al, 2015).…”