An Outlook on Global Regulatory Landscape for Genome-Edited Crops

Ahmad, Aftab; Munawar, Nayla; Khan, Zulqurnain; Qusmani, Alaa T.; Khan, Sultan Habibullah; Jamil, Amer; Ashraf, Sidra; Ghouri, Muhammad Zubair; Aslam, Sabin; Mubarik, Muhammad Salman; Munir, Ahmad; Sultan, Qaiser; Abd-Elsalam, Kamel A.; Qari, Sameer H.

doi:10.3390/ijms222111753

Cited by 44 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 242 publications

(337 reference statements)

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“…Second, what safety-related data would be needed if CRISPR-edited crops are to be regulated in a given country? The amount of safety-related data required will affect the overall cost of the regulation, which is an important factor to consider when commercializing new CRISPR-modified plants [ 145 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CRISPR/Cas9 Technology and Its Utility for Crop Improvement

Liu

Chen

et al. 2022

IJMS

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The rapid growth of the global population has resulted in a considerable increase in the demand for food crops. However, traditional crop breeding methods will not be able to satisfy the worldwide demand for food in the future. New gene-editing technologies, the most widely used of which is CRISPR/Cas9, may enable the rapid improvement of crop traits. Specifically, CRISPR/Cas9 genome-editing technology involves the use of a guide RNA and a Cas9 protein that can cleave the genome at specific loci. Due to its simplicity and efficiency, the CRISPR/Cas9 system has rapidly become the most widely used tool for editing animal and plant genomes. It is ideal for modifying the traits of many plants, including food crops, and for creating new germplasm materials. In this review, the development of the CRISPR/Cas9 system, the underlying mechanism, and examples of its use for editing genes in important crops are discussed. Furthermore, certain limitations of the CRISPR/Cas9 system and potential solutions are described. This article will provide researchers with important information regarding the use of CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing technology for crop improvement, plant breeding, and gene functional analyses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

CRISPR/Cas9 Technology and Its Utility for Crop Improvement

Liu

Chen

et al. 2022

IJMS

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“…Crop varieties improved by CRISPR/Cas system were not easily distinguished from conventional-bred varieties, and these varieties were more resistant to abiotic and biotic stresses. This technique shortens the time for breeding and saves money and labor [ 21 , 22 , 23 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of CRISPR/CasΦ2 System for Genome Editing in Plants

Cai

Guo

Cao

et al. 2022

IJMS

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CRISPR/Cas system has developed a new technology to modify target genes. In this study, CasΦ2 is a newly Cas protein that we used for genome modification in Arabidopsis and tobacco. PDS and BRI1 of marker genes were chosen for targeting. CasΦ2 has the function to cleave pre-crRNA. In the presence of 10 mM Mg2+ irons concentration, sgRNA3 type guided CasΦ2 to edit target gene and generate mutation, and a mutant seedling of AtBRI1 gene with an expected male sterile phenotype was obtained. In the process of tobacco transformation, the gene editing activity of CasΦ2 can be activated by 100 nM Mg2+ irons concentration, and sgRNA1 type guided CasΦ2 to edit target gene. Mutant seedlings of NtPDS gene with an expected albino were obtained. The results indicate that CasΦ2 can effectively edit target genes under the guidance of different sgRNA type in the presence of Mg2+ ions. Together, our results verify that the CRISPR/CasΦ2 system is an effective and precise tool for genome editing in plants.

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“…Treating all types of SSN-mediated modifications within the same regulatory framework might hamper technological progress made in crop improvement. Among the three types of SSN-based modifications, Type-3 is the most similar to the conventional recombinant DNA technology which allows the replacement or addition of a whole gene, often foreign, in the plant host genome [ 226 ]. In contrast, Type-1 and Type-2 alter plant genomic sequences endogenously without the insertion of exogenous DNA, and, therefore, should not be regulated the same way as Type-3 modifications.…”

Section: Ssn-based Genome Editing: a Modern Technology Within A Conve...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Revolution to Gene Revolution: Technological Advances in Agriculture to Feed the World

Hamdan

Noor

Abd-Aziz

et al. 2022

Plants

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Technological applications in agriculture have evolved substantially to increase crop yields and quality to meet global food demand. Conventional techniques, such as seed saving, selective breeding, and mutation breeding (variation breeding), have dramatically increased crop production, especially during the ‘Green Revolution’ in the 1990s. However, newer issues, such as limited arable lands, climate change, and ever-increasing food demand, pose challenges to agricultural production and threaten food security. In the following ‘Gene Revolution’ era, rapid innovations in the biotechnology field provide alternative strategies to further improve crop yield, quality, and resilience towards biotic and abiotic stresses. These innovations include the introduction of DNA recombinant technology and applications of genome editing techniques, such as transcription activator-like effector (TALEN), zinc-finger nucleases (ZFN), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR associated (CRISPR/Cas) systems. However, the acceptance and future of these modern tools rely on the regulatory frameworks governing their development and production in various countries. Herein, we examine the evolution of technological applications in agriculture, focusing on the motivations for their introduction, technical challenges, possible benefits and concerns, and regulatory frameworks governing genetically engineered product development and production.

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An Outlook on Global Regulatory Landscape for Genome-Edited Crops

Cited by 44 publications

References 242 publications

CRISPR/Cas9 Technology and Its Utility for Crop Improvement

CRISPR/Cas9 Technology and Its Utility for Crop Improvement

Application of CRISPR/CasΦ2 System for Genome Editing in Plants

Green Revolution to Gene Revolution: Technological Advances in Agriculture to Feed the World

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