An Outbreak of COVID-19 Associated with a Recreational Hockey Game — Florida, June 2020

Atrubin, David; Wiese, Michael; Bohinc, Becky

doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6941a4

Cited by 63 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The majority of SARS-CoV-2 clusters have been linked to indoor settings ( 37 ), suggesting that virus stability in indoor environmental conditions may be an important determinant of superspreading risk. Our results provide a mechanistic explanation for the many observed SARS-CoV-2 superspreading events in cool indoor environments such as food processing plants ( 38 , 39 ) and hockey rinks ( 40 , 41 ), where the typical air temperature is around 10 °C, or in dry indoor environments such as long-distance flights ( 42 , 43 ). Conversely, our results imply that the relative rarity of outdoor SARS-CoV-2 transmission clusters is not readily explained by temperature and humidity effects, since these conditions outdoors during temperate winters should be favorable for the virus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Mechanistic theory predicts the effects of temperature and humidity on inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 and other enveloped viruses

Morris

Yinda

Gamble

et al. 2020

Preprint

167

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Since emerging in late 2019, SARS-CoV-2 has caused a global pandemic, and it may become an endemic human pathogen. Understanding the impact of environmental conditions on SARS-CoV-2 viability and its transmission potential is crucial to anticipating epidemic dynamics and designing mitigation strategies. Ambient temperature and humidity are known to have strong effects on the environmental stability of viruses, but there is little data for SARS-CoV-2, and a general quantitative understanding of how temperature and humidity affect virus stability has remained elusive. Here, we characterise the stability of SARS-CoV-2 on an inert surface at a variety of temperature and humidity conditions, and introduce a mechanistic model that enables accurate prediction of virus stability in unobserved conditions. We find that SARS-CoV-2 survives better at low temperatures and extreme relative humidities; median estimated virus half-life was more than 24 hours at 10 °C and 40 % RH, but less than an hour and a half at 27 °C and 65 % RH. Our results highlight scenarios of particular transmission risk, and provide a mechanistic explanation for observed superspreading events in cool indoor environments such as food processing plants. Moreover, our model predicts observations from other human coronaviruses and other studies of SARS-CoV-2, suggesting the existence of shared mechanisms that determine environmental stability across a number of enveloped viruses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Mechanistic theory predicts the effects of temperature and humidity on inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 and other enveloped viruses

Morris

Yinda

Gamble

et al. 2020

Preprint

167

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Whereas the focus of this work was decontamination of surfaces found in healthcare settings, these materials are common in a variety of structures. There have been reports of COVID-19 outbreaks in cruise ships, schools, sports facilities, and long-term care centres [ 14 , [49] , [50] , [51] , [52] ]. Thus, PAA fumigation can be used to successfully decontaminate not only healthcare facilities, but also a variety of other indoor spaces and facilities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decontamination of common healthcare facility surfaces contaminated with SARS-CoV-2 using peracetic acid dry fogging

Cutts

Kasloff

Safronetz

et al. 2021

Journal of Hospital Infection

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“…The copyright holder for this preprint this version posted January 25, 2021. ; https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.21.21249825 doi: medRxiv preprint that a single negative asymptomatic test result did not preclude the possibility of recent exposure or the development of symptoms over the next few days. On the contrary, negative test results can provide a false sense of security that leads to reduced mitigation and increased spread, as documented in professional sports 7,8 , universities [9][10][11][12] , and government organizations including the White House. Thus, students received repeated, regular messaging that a single negative asymptomatic test did not confirm whether someone has been recently exposed or if they would develop symptoms in the next few days.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 Control on a Large Urban College Campus Without Mass Testing

O’Donnell

Brownlee

Martin

et al. 2021

Preprint

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ObjectiveA small percentage of universities and colleges conduct mass SARS-CoV-2 testing. However, universal testing is resource-intensive, strains national testing capacity, and false negative tests can encourage unsafe behaviors.ParticipantsA large urban university campus.MethodsVirus control centered on three pillars: mitigation, containment, and communication, with testing of symptomatic and a random subset of asymptomatic students.ResultsRandom surveillance testing demonstrated a prevalence among asymptomatic students of 0.4% throughout the term. There were two surges in cases that were contained by enhanced mitigation and communication combined with targeted testing. Cumulative cases totaled 445 for the term, most resulting from unsafe undergraduate student behavior and among students living off-campus. A case rate of 232/10,000 undergraduates equaled or surpassed several peer institutions that conducted mass testing.ConclusionsAn emphasis on behavioral mitigation and communication can control virus transmission on a large urban campus combined with a limited and targeted testing strategy.

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An Outbreak of COVID-19 Associated with a Recreational Hockey Game — Florida, June 2020

Cited by 63 publications

References 7 publications

Mechanistic theory predicts the effects of temperature and humidity on inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 and other enveloped viruses

Mechanistic theory predicts the effects of temperature and humidity on inactivation of SARS-CoV-2 and other enveloped viruses

Decontamination of common healthcare facility surfaces contaminated with SARS-CoV-2 using peracetic acid dry fogging

SARS-CoV-2 Control on a Large Urban College Campus Without Mass Testing

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