An outbreak of abortions and high neonatal mortality associated with Trypanosoma evansi infection in dromedary camels in the Canary Islands

Gutiérrez, Carlos; Corbera, Juan Alberto; Juste, M.C.; Doreste, F.; Morales, Inmaculada

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.02.009

Cited by 58 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…Parallel to the current findings, T. brucei caused osmotic fragility, reduced life span and destruction of the red cells in mice [37]. In addition, hemolytic anemia was previously described in T. evansi-infected camels [6,13].…”

Section: Sod Dismutasesupporting

confidence: 87%

“…The same authors reported that Asir region camels were disinfected while those of the Eastern Jazan, Northern Frontiers, Riyadh and Tabook regions were infected (5-40%). The disease occurred in acute and chronic forms, however, chronic form is the most common one and characterized by anemia, emaciation, lacrymation, lymphadenitis, and sometimes abortions [6]. The Anemia is mainly macrocytic and hypochromic [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2015

International Journal of Veterinary Sciences Research

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Section: Sod Dismutasesupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2015

International Journal of Veterinary Sciences Research

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“…In all cases, the potential for T. evansi to invade and establish as enzootic disease in Australia, Japan, or even Europe is a true and real threat. Trypanosoma evansi was introduced into the Canary Islands, most probably from Mauritania or Mali, in camels, and has yet to be eradicated [37, 100, 101]; from there it was introduced into continental Spain and France [40, 41]. In France it was controlled early and eradicated, but in Spain the situation remains unclear since camels, and also horses, were involved in the Alicante province [39, 102].…”

Section: The Large Host Range Of T Evansimentioning

confidence: 99%

Trypanosoma evansiand Surra: A Review and Perspectives on Origin, History, Distribution, Taxonomy, Morphology, Hosts, and Pathogenic Effects

Desquesnes

Holzmüller

Lai

et al. 2013

BioMed Research International

320

327

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Trypanosoma evansi, the agent of “surra,” is a salivarian trypanosome, originating from Africa. It is thought to derive from Trypanosoma brucei by deletion of the maxicircle kinetoplastic DNA (genetic material required for cyclical development in tsetse flies). It is mostly mechanically transmitted by tabanids and stomoxes, initially to camels, in sub-Saharan area. The disease spread from North Africa towards the Middle East, Turkey, India, up to 53° North in Russia, across all South-East Asia, down to Indonesia and the Philippines, and it was also introduced by the conquistadores into Latin America. It can affect a very large range of domestic and wild hosts including camelids, equines, cattle, buffaloes, sheep, goats, pigs, dogs and other carnivores, deer, gazelles, and elephants. It found a new large range of wild and domestic hosts in Latin America, including reservoirs (capybaras) and biological vectors (vampire bats). Surra is a major disease in camels, equines, and dogs, in which it can often be fatal in the absence of treatment, and exhibits nonspecific clinical signs (anaemia, loss of weight, abortion, and death), which are variable from one host and one place to another; however, its immunosuppressive effects interfering with intercurrent diseases or vaccination campaigns might be its most significant and questionable aspect.

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“…Most of infected animals revealed anemia, fever, edema, enlarged lymph nodes, icterus, emaciation and death. Abortion in cattle and buffalo was detected in several cases (Gutierrez et al 2005). The only reported human cases of T. evansi infection revealed parasitaemia associated with febrile episodes for several months (Truc et al 2007).…”

Section: Clinical Features (Signs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The common zoonotic protozoal diseases causing abortion

Shaapan

2015

J Parasit Dis

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Toxoplasmosis, neosporosis, sarcosporidiosis (sarcocystosis) and trypanosomiasis are the common zoonotic protozoal diseases causing abortion which caused by single-celled protozoan parasites; Toxoplasma gondii, Neospora caninum, Sarcocystis spp and Trypanosoma evansi, respectively. Toxoplasmosis is generally considered the most important disease that causing abortion of both pregnant women and different female animals throughout the world, about third of human being population had antibodies against T. gondii. The infection can pass via placenta, causing encephalitis, chorio-retinitis, mental retardation and loss of vision in congenitally-infected children and stillbirth or mummification of the aborted fetuses of livestock. Neosporosis is recognized as a major cause of serious abortion in varieties of wild and domestic animals around the world particularly cattle, the disease cause serious economic losses among dairy and beef cattle due to decrease in milk and meat production. While unlike toxoplasmosis, neosporosis is not recognized as a human pathogen and evidence to date shows that neosporosis is only detected by serology in the human population. Sarcosporidiosis also can cause abortion in animals particularly cattle, buffaloes and sheep with acute infection through high dose of infection with sarcocysts. On the other hand, humans have been reported as final and intermediate host for sarcosporidiosis but not represent a serious health problem. Trypanosomiasis by T. evansi cause dangerous infection among domestic animals in tropical and subtropical areas. Several cases of abortion had been recorded in cattle and buffaloes infected with T. evansi while, a single case of human infection was reported in India. Trichomoniasis and babesiosis abortion occurs with non-zoonotic Trichomonas and Babesia species while the zoonotic species had not been incriminated in induction of abortion in both animals and man. The current review article concluded that there is still need of wide scope for evaluation of the zoonotic impact and control of these diseases.

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An outbreak of abortions and high neonatal mortality associated with Trypanosoma evansi infection in dromedary camels in the Canary Islands

Cited by 58 publications

References 9 publications

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Trypanosoma evansiand Surra: A Review and Perspectives on Origin, History, Distribution, Taxonomy, Morphology, Hosts, and Pathogenic Effects

The common zoonotic protozoal diseases causing abortion

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