An other look at iron: Role in host pathogen interaction

Ganzoni, Andreas M.; Puschmann, M

doi:10.1007/bf01634148

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 64 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A low Fe status has marked effects on immune reactions and infection rates in calves (Gygax et al., 1993) and may mediate its effects through modification of NO formation. Conversely, a high Fe intake can have detrimental effects because the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria can be enhanced (Ganzoni and Puschmann, 1970). Furthermore, there may be detrimental effects by a high Fe status if the production of molecular oxygen or of NO is enhanced.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(1993) demonstrated that the administration of Fe‐citrate increased endotoxin‐induced NO formation and effects in diverse organs of mice. A low Fe status, which is frequent in veal calves due to low Fe intake by milk and milk replacers (Lindt and Blum, 1993, 1994), can both markedly influence immune reactions and infection loads (Ganzoni and Puschmann, 1970; Sherman, 1984; Heresi, 1985; Bhaskaram, 1988), as has been shown in calves (Gygax et al., 1993). Thus, in Fe‐deficient calves the activity of the Fe‐containg enzyme of neutrophils was reduced and infection rates were enhanced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Nitrite/Nitrate Responses to Endotoxin in Calves*

Hüsler¹,

Blum²

2001

Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Plasma concentrations and urinary excretions of nitrite plus nitrate (NOx) increase in heifers after endotoxin-induced nitric oxide synthase activation. The rise can be enhanced by administration of arginine, the substrate for the production of nitric oxide, whose effects may be modified by the iron status. In 10-week-old veal calves (six Simmental x Red Holstein) arginine (0.5 g/kg body weight for 6 h) was intravenously infused. At 2 h after the start of the infusions Escherichia coli endotoxin O26:B6 (2 microg/kg body weight) was intravenously injected. This caused a rise of rectal temperature, heart rate, respiration rate, and of urinary NOx excretion, but not of plasma NOx concentrations, in contrast to the experience with older cattle to which the same amounts of arginine were infused before and during endotoxin administration. In 8-week-old veal calves (18 Simmental x Red Holstein) the question of whether oral supplementation with arginine and iron modifies NOx responses to endotoxin (2 microg/kg) was also investigated. The calves were divided between three groups (GrA-, GirA+, GrC) and before endotoxin injections GrA- was fed 0.5 g arginine/kg for 4 days, GrA+ was fed 0.5 g arginine/kg for 4 days plus 80 mg iron/kg milk for 2 weeks, whereas GrC was not supplemented with arginine or iron. Iron supplementation increased plasma iron concentrations and arginine supplementation increased plasma arginine and urea concentrations and urinary urea excretion. Ensuing administration of endotoxin enhanced plasma tumour necrosis factor-alpha concentrations, rectal temperature, heart rate, and respiration rate, but not plasma NOx concentrations in GrC and GrA- and only transiently and slightly increased plasma NOx concentrations in GrA+ but did not affect urinary NOx excretions. In conclusion, the expected stimulation of NOx responses to endotoxin by intravenous arginine infusion appears to be much weaker in young veal calves than in older cattle. The NOx responses in young veal calves were not modified if arginine was orally administered and plasma NOx were barely enhanced by combined oral supplementation of arginine and iron.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrite/Nitrate Responses to Endotoxin in Calves*

Hüsler¹,

Blum²

2001

Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series A

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In one of the latter studies (183), good correlation of extent of depression with Hb value was observed; for example, mean percentages of formation of rosettes in T cells of children with Hb levels of >12, 10 to 12, 8 to 10, and <8 g/dl, respectively, were 58.7, 54.3, 47.3, and 37.9. Thus, a few patterns are beginning to emerge concerning the status of nonspecific and immune defenses in the iron-poor host. However, at this stage of our developing knowledge, caution is advised in extrapolation of in vitro laboratory tests to the in vivo situation (50,73). Recent WHO Technical Reports on nutritional anemias (4, 4a) described the etiological role of hemorrhagic nematodal and trematodal infestation in iron deficiency, but contained only fragmentary information on interactions of iron nutrition with either bacterial, fungal, or protozoan infections.…”

Section: Effiect Of Iron On Phagocytosis and Immune Responses Iron Exmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron and infection.

Weinberg¹

1978

Microbiological Reviews

733

394

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the contest between the establishment of a bacterial or mycotic disease and the successful suppression of the disease by animal hosts, iron is the cation whose concentration ... at present appears to be most important. (199) Vulnerability to infection based on the individual's state of iron nutrition must be the net result of the effect of iron or the lack of it on microbial growth on the one hand and the host immune response on the other. (49) The widespread notion that better than average nutrition leads to better than average resistance to infection appears to be a misconception. (91)

show abstract

“…The infection-enhancing effect of hemoglobin was found to be due to ferric ions and could be duplicated with ferric ammonium citrate (2,5,33). The importance of iron to host defense mechanisms and to invading bacteria has been described for experimental infections with a variety of organisms, primarily facultative gramnegative rods (4,6,14,15,24,29,30,32,33,37). Although most authors feel that the enhancing effect of hemoglobin depends on the iron and its activity as a microbial nutrilite, others believe that hemoglobin acts by interfering with the clearance of viable bacteria from the peritoneal cavity (10, 34), for example, by inhibition of chemotaxis of phagocytes (20 VOI,.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%