An orthogonal-transfer CCD imager

Burke, Barry E.; Reich, R.; Savoye, E. D.; Tonry, J.

doi:10.1109/16.337471

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The main purpose of this chip is to provide the appropiate voltage signal levels from the STARGRASP 1 [5] readout and control system to the MOTA chip [2,3,4]. CID0 also has additional signals for output monitoring.…”

Section: Cid High Voltage Chipmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Voltage CMOS control interface for astronomy—Grade charged coupled devices

et al. 2008

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The Pan-STARRS telescope consists of an array of smaller mirrors viewed by a Gigapixel arrays of CCDs. These focal planes employ Orthogonal Transfer CCDs (OTCCDs) to allow on-chip image stabilization. Each OTCCD has advanced logic features that are controlled externally. A CMOS Interface Device for High Voltage has been developed to provide the appropiate voltage signal levels from a readout and control system designated STARGRASP. OTCCD chip output levels range from -3.3V to 16.7V, with two different output drive strengths required depending on load capacitance (50pF and 1000pF), with 24mA of drive and a rise time on the order of 100ns. Additional testing Wilkinson ADC structures have been included in this chip to evaluate future functional additions for a next version of the chip.

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Section: Cid High Voltage Chipmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Voltage CMOS control interface for astronomy—Grade charged coupled devices

et al. 2008

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“…The first realization of this geometry was a 64 × 64 test device which worked as expected (Burke et al 1994), but was too small for effective tests of charge transfer inefficiency (CTI) or rate of incidence of pockets and traps. Fortunately, the chords of a mask set for another CCD development program became available at this time, and we seized the opportunity to build a larger OTCCD.…”

Section: Structure and Use Of The Otccdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Ken Freeman has coined the acronym MIAOW for minimum inertia adaptive optics widget.) Our first device was only 64 × 64, but demonstrated that the concept works and that it is possible to shift a developing image within a CCD to any position (Burke et al 1994). We have since built a 512 × 512 device with equal size frame-store region, and we have collected engineering and scientific results at the telescope with it.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Orthogonal Transfer CCD

Tonry

Burke

1998

Optical Detectors for Astronomy

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We have designed and built a new type of CCD that we call an orthogonal transfer CCD (OTCCD), which permits parallel clocking horizontally as well as vertically. The device has been used successfully to remove image motion caused by atmospheric turbulence at rates up to 100 Hz, and promises to be a better, cheaper way to carry out image motion correction for imaging than by using fast tip/tilt mirrors. We report on the device characteristics, and find that the large number of transfers needed to track image motion does not significantly degrade the image either because of charge transfer inefficiency or because of 1 Observations in part from the Michigan-Dartmouth-MIT (MDM) Observatory.

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“…Recent image stabilization systems can be generally classified into four categories: (1) optical image stabilization systems, which feature a kind of mechanism that stabilizes video sequences by optical computing with high accuracy and speed [6,7]; (2) electronic image stabilization systems, that use accelerometers or motion gyroscopes to detect camera motion and then compensate the jitter motion [8]; (3) orthogonal transfer charge-coupled device (CCD) stabilization systems, which use CCDs to measure image displacement and shifts the deviation according to the motion of bright stars [9]; (4) digital image stabilization (DIS), which estimates the global motion vector (GMV) and removes unintentional motion components from the GMV to generate stable video sequences using image processing algorithms [10][11][12]. DIS methods outperform other image stabilization methods because they are more flexible and are hardware-independent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Image Stabilization Method Based on Variational Mode Decomposition and Relative Entropy

Hao

2017

Entropy

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Cameras mounted on vehicles frequently suffer from image shake due to the vehicles' motions. To remove jitter motions and preserve intentional motions, a hybrid digital image stabilization method is proposed that uses variational mode decomposition (VMD) and relative entropy (RE). In this paper, the global motion vector (GMV) is initially decomposed into several narrow-banded modes by VMD. REs, which exhibit the difference of probability distribution between two modes, are then calculated to identify the intentional and jitter motion modes. Finally, the summation of the jitter motion modes constitutes jitter motions, whereas the subtraction of the resulting sum from the GMV represents the intentional motions. The proposed stabilization method is compared with several known methods, namely, medium filter (MF), Kalman filter (KF), wavelet decomposition (MD) method, empirical mode decomposition (EMD)-based method, and enhanced EMD-based method, to evaluate stabilization performance. Experimental results show that the proposed method outperforms the other stabilization methods.

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An orthogonal-transfer CCD imager

Cited by 18 publications

References 2 publications

High Voltage CMOS control interface for astronomy—Grade charged coupled devices

High Voltage CMOS control interface for astronomy—Grade charged coupled devices

The Orthogonal Transfer CCD

Digital Image Stabilization Method Based on Variational Mode Decomposition and Relative Entropy

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