An ordered conductive Ni-CAT nanorods array as all-round polysulfide regulator for lithium-sulfur batteries

Dendrite-Free Lithium Metal Anodes Enabled by an Ordered Conductive Ni-Based Catecholate Interlayer for Solid-State Lithium Batteries

“…peaks at 861.4 and 880.3 eV, respectively, indicating the presence of divalent nickel in Ni-CAT. 21,22 In Figure S1b from the SEM image that the prepared Ni-CAT has a distinct rodlike structure, which is further observed under the highresolution TEM (HRTEM) in Figures 1g and S1c, which shows a planar spacing of 1.75 nm, corresponding to the (100) lattice planes of the Ni-CAT structure. This indicates that Ni-CAT with a specific rod array structure has been successfully synthesized.…”

“…Meanwhile, it can be concluded from Figure b that the CSE with Ni-CAT layer exhibits a higher oxidation potential (5.41 V), which implies that the Ni-CAT layer improves the antioxidant property of the primary CSE, due to the high antioxidant property of the Ni-CAT with the PP diaphragm material itself. , In particular, the ionic transference number of CSE with a Ni-CAT layer is as high as 0.64, which is much higher than that of 0.19 for CSE without a Ni-CAT layer (Figure c), and the huge increase in ionic transference number is in line with previous studies on Ni-CAT layers . This is because the inherent internal nanochannels and ordered multilevel pore structure of Ni-CAT provide an effective pathway for the rapid transport of electrons and ions . These results demonstrate that the Ni-CAT layer can effectively improve the antioxidant capability and lithium migration of the original solid electrolyte without destroying the original ionic conduction network.…”

“…The asymmetric stretching vibrations at 1594 cm −1 correspond to C�C and C�O bonds, the vibrational peaks at 3330 and 1355 cm −1 correspond to the stretching vibrations of O−H and C−O bonds, respectively, and the stretching vibration of Ni−O bond was observed at 699 cm −1 , which is in agreement with the literature reports. 22,24 XPS spectra are shown in Figures S1 and 1d,e. Figure S1a verifies that the Ni-CAT contains Ni, C, and O elements.…”

“…The switchable conductivity induces uniform deposition and stripping of lithium metal without the formation of dendrites and dead lithium during lithium plating/stripping. Wang et al 22 grew ordered conductive MOF Ni-CAT, which has a unique vertical structure and exhibits the characteristics of an uncompacted top and a dense root, on carbon nanotube films to improve the Li + transport capacity of the cell. Obviously, Ni-CAT is an ideal collector; however, the current scheme is unable to grow 1D Ni-CAT directly on the surface of Li−metal anode or solidstate electrolyte because the conditions required for preparing 1D Ni-CAT are high temperature and water is used as solvent, which is undoubtedly fatal for Li−metal and conventional solid-state electrolytes containing Li−salt.…”

“…Obviously, Ni-CAT is an ideal collector; however, the current scheme is unable to grow 1D Ni-CAT directly on the surface of Li−metal anode or solidstate electrolyte because the conditions required for preparing 1D Ni-CAT are high temperature and water is used as solvent, which is undoubtedly fatal for Li−metal and conventional solid-state electrolytes containing Li−salt. Meanwhile, Lee et al 21 and Wang et al 22 also experimentally confirmed that the haphazard Ni-CAT has very little effect on the battery and is unable to guide the uniform deposition of Li + , so it is also not feasible to directly compound the prepared Ni-CAT with solid composite electrolyte (CSE). In summary, the tip growth that occurs in lithium metal anode cells during deposition thus prolongs the battery lifetime.…”