“…In addition, it only needs four recent data points to achieve reliable and acceptable accuracy for future prediction (Wang and Hsu, 2008;. The GM(1,1) has been widely used in many fields such as management, economics and engineering, and the related models have been developed (Feng et al, 2012;Li et al, 2012;Pi et al, 2010;Lee and Tong, 2011;Mao and Chirwa, 2006;Hu et al, 2015;Hu, 2013;Tsaur and Liao, 2007;Chang et al, 2015Chang et al, , 2016Wang and Hao, 2016;Lu et al, 2016;Mao et al, 2016;Yuan et al, 2016). Moreover, grey prediction has been gaining in popularity in the past decade because of its simplicity and ability to characterize unknown systems by a few data points (Suganthi and Samuel, 2012).…”