“…(1) and (2) [15][16][17]. In these equations, I ph , I d , I Rsh , K, I 0 , N s , A, q, and T j represent the photo-generated current, diode-current, shunt-leakage current, Boltzmann's constant (J/K), diode reverse bias saturation current, number of PV cells associated in serial, ideality factor of the P-N junction, electron charge (C), and junction temperature of the solar cell, respectively.…”