An optically coupled sensor for the measurement of currents induced by MRI gradient fields into endocardial leads

Mattei, Eugenio; Censi, Federica; Triventi, Michele; Napolitano, Antonio; Genovese, Elisabetta; Cannatà, Vittorio

doi:10.1007/s10334-014-0463-2

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The analog circuit developed for SR p measurements senses voltage signals ranging from −4 V to +4 V, in a low frequency domain, below 10 kHz [Mattei et al, ]. These signal features made it possible designing the circuit by means of standard, not expansive ICs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Resonance Examinations of Patients With Implanted Active Devices. A Low‐Cost Approach in Slew Rate Evaluation

Trevisan¹,

Nichelatti²,

Maieron

et al. 2019

Bioelectromagnetics

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Time‐varying magnetic field gradients involved in magnetic resonance examinations can damage implanted electronic systems. The quantity related to this side effect is the gradient slew rate, which is usually not directly available on magnetic resonance console. The present study proposes a low‐cost approach in slew rate assessment, which is useful in risks versus benefits evaluation as well as in sequences optimization. The experimental method is based on an analog circuit, which senses the output voltage of the scanner waveform generator. This allows taking easy and reliable slew rate measurements, even during clinical examinations on patients. Whereas previous studies required managing a considerable amount of data, the present work addresses only the maximal slew rate of any clinical sequence. Experimental results show that the smooth gradient mode, selectable on the two scanners examined, is very effective in patient safety improvement. In particular, it reduces slew rate values in the range from 52.4 up to 132.4 T m‐1 s‐1, i.e. far below the interval 216–346 T m‐1 s‐1, indicated as slew rate tolerance limit of modern implanted electronic devices. Bioelectromagnetics. 2019;40:512–521. © 2019 Bioelectromagnetics Society

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Resonance Examinations of Patients With Implanted Active Devices. A Low‐Cost Approach in Slew Rate Evaluation

Trevisan¹,

Nichelatti²,

Maieron

et al. 2019

Bioelectromagnetics

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“…The assessment of the susceptibility of cardiac implants typically involves investigating the induced electric fields of the two electrodes, in other words, the induced voltages at the device input, to quantify the interference to cardiac implants. The studies of the induced voltage on the cardiac implants were carried out for the exposures to MFs (Hille et al 2009, Mattei et al 2015. Different from MF exposures, where interference to cardiac implants is related to the surface encompassed by the sensing path, interference due to EFs is correlated with the characteristics of the sensing path (Gustrau et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interference voltage measurement and analysis of cardiac implants exposed to electric fields at extremely low frequency

Zhou,

Kourtiche,

Claudel

et al. 2024

Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express

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Objective. The possibility of interference by electromagnetic fields in the workplaces with cardiac implants is a concern for both individuals and employers. This article presents an analysis of the interference to which cardiac implants are subjected under high-intensity electric field at the power frequency. Approach. Evaluations of interference were conducted by studying the induced voltages at the device input in the real case study and the substitute study, and establishing an association between them with the equivalence factor F. A funnel-shaped phantom, designed for in vitro testing and representing the electrical characteristics of the locations where cardiac implants are installed, was used in the substitute study. A measuring system was implemented to measure the induced voltage at the device input under high intensity electric fields. Main results. The induced voltages obtained in the experimental measurements align with the findings of the numerical study in the phantom. By applying the equivalence factors derived between the real case study and the substitute study (2.39 for unipolar sensing; 3.64 for bipolar sensing), the induced voltages on the cardiac implants can be determined for the real case using the substitute experimental set-up. Significance. The interference voltages on the cardiac implants under electric field exposures at low frequency were experimentally measured with detailed description. The findings provide evidence for an analysis method to systematically study the electromagnetic interference on the cardiac implants at low frequency.

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MR-Sicherheitsbewertung von aktiven implantierbaren medizinischen Geräten

2019

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An optically coupled sensor for the measurement of currents induced by MRI gradient fields into endocardial leads

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

Magnetic Resonance Examinations of Patients With Implanted Active Devices. A Low‐Cost Approach in Slew Rate Evaluation

Magnetic Resonance Examinations of Patients With Implanted Active Devices. A Low‐Cost Approach in Slew Rate Evaluation

Interference voltage measurement and analysis of cardiac implants exposed to electric fields at extremely low frequency

MR-Sicherheitsbewertung von aktiven implantierbaren medizinischen Geräten

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