An optical atomic clock based on a highly charged ion

King, Simon; Spieß, Lukas J.; Micke, P.; Wilzewski, Alexander; Leopold, Tobias; Benkler, E.; Lange, R.; Huntemann, N.; Surzhykov, A.; Yerokhin, V. A.; López‐Urrutia, J. R. Crespo; Schmidt, Piet O.

doi:10.1038/s41586-022-05245-4

Cited by 52 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 60 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Several laser spectroscopic methods for forbidden transitions of trapped HCIs free from systematic Doppler shifts have been reported 46,64 . These demonstrations employed a simple fine-structure transition 2 P 1/2 -2 P 3/2 in the doublet ground term of Ar 13+ , whose transition energy is precisely known from direct wavelength measurements using passive spectroscopy 65,66 , leading to recent quantum logic spectroscopy 36,37 . However, many potential candidates for the HCI atomic clock are not directly accessible using such passive spectroscopy because they possess complicated level structures with hyperfine splitting, and their clock transitions do not emit in plasmas owing to their long lifetime.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of candidates for HCI clocks have been proposed [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] , and their transition wavelengths have been experimentally investigated [32][33][34][35] . Micke et al recently demonstrated quantum logic spectroscopy of HCIs using Ar 13+ , which has no hyperfine structure, promising realization of the HCI clocks 36,37 . For further HCI atomic clock development employing fascinated transitions highly sensitive to the α variation 15 , it is necessary to gain a better understanding of hyperfine structure in many-electron heavy HCIs with a nuclear spin.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hyperfine-structure-resolved laser spectroscopy of many-electron highly charged ions

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hyperfine structures of highly charged ions (HCIs) are favourable spectroscopic targets for exploring fundamental physics along with nuclear properties. Recent proposals of HCI atomic clocks highlight their importance, especially for many-electron HCIs, and they have been theoretically investigated by refining atomic-structure calculations. However, developments in hyperfine spectroscopy of many-electron HCIs have not proceeded due to experimental difficulty. Here, we demonstrate hyperfine-structure-resolved laser spectroscopy of HCIs in an electron beam ion trap plasma, employing the magnetic-dipole transition in the 4d95s state of 127I7+. Ion-state manipulation by controlled electron collisions in the well-defined laboratory plasma enables laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy of trapped HCIs. The observed spectrum of evaporatively cooled ions under low magnetic fields shows characteristic features reflecting the hyperfine structures. The present demonstration using combined optical and plasma approaches provides a benchmark for state-of-the-art atomic calculations of hyperfine structures in many-electron HCIs, and offers possibilities for a variety of unexploited experiments.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperfine-structure-resolved laser spectroscopy of many-electron highly charged ions

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The first term in (10), which can also be written as p´a{4q f 0 , is due to correlations between the noise during the B and R interrogations of the same cycle, while the second term is due to correlations between one cycle and all the subsequent ones. For g " 1, only the first term in the sum over m is nonzero, but also for smaller gains, the sum converges after only a few terms.…”

Section: Noise-induced Servo Errormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the higher-order Thue-Morse sequence RBBR-BRRB, used, e.g., in [21], the first term in (10) More complex probing sequences can be treated similarly.…”

Section: Noise-induced Servo Errormentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Noise-induced servo errors in optical clocks utilizing Rabi interrogation

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We show that in optical clocks based on Rabi interrogation, both laser-frequency and magnetic-field flicker (1/f) noise with zero mean can lead to servo errors at the 10-18 level if the negative-detuning (red) and positive-detuning (blue) sides of the transition are always probed in the same order. This is due to the strong correlations of flicker noise in combination with an imbalance in the response of the servo discriminator to positive and negative differential frequency noise between the red- and blue-side probing. This imbalance is particularly large for a normalized discriminator. We derive an analytical expression for the servo error based on the correlation function of the laser-frequency or magnetic-field noise and compare it to numerical servo simulations to demonstrate how the error depends on the noise level, servo parameters, and probing sequence. We also show that the servo error can be avoided by normalizing the discriminator with a moving mean or by reversing the red/blue probing order for every second servo cycle.

show abstract