An opportunistic theory of cellular and systems consolidation

Mednick, Sara C.; Cai, Denise J.; Shuman, Tristan; Anagnostaras, Stephan; Wixted, John T.

doi:10.1016/j.tins.2011.06.003

Cited by 226 publications

(279 citation statements)

References 123 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

255

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Error bars represent ±1 SEM. Asterisks represent significance at P < 0.05. opportunistic manner (40), such as in times of low external input (i.e., during a quiet wake period or during sleep), as has been shown in auditory tone sequence learning (41), visual search (42), and pursuit motor tasks (43). In contrast, some nondeclarative information, such as our Primed condition here, mainly rely on sleep processes (5,44,45).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Autonomic activity during sleep predicts memory consolidation in humans

Whitehurst

Cellini

McDevitt

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Throughout history, psychologists and philosophers have proposed that good sleep benefits memory, yet current studies focusing on the relationship between traditionally reported sleep features (e.g., minutes in sleep stages) and changes in memory performance show contradictory findings. This discrepancy suggests that there are events occurring during sleep that have not yet been considered. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) shows strong variation across sleep stages. Also, increases in ANS activity during waking, as measured by heart rate variability (HRV), have been correlated with memory improvement. However, the role of ANS in sleepdependent memory consolidation has never been examined. Here, we examined whether changes in cardiac ANS activity (HRV) during a daytime nap were related to performance on two memory conditions (Primed and Repeated) and a nonmemory control condition on the Remote Associates Test. In line with prior studies, we found sleep-dependent improvement in the Primed condition compared with the Quiet Wake control condition. Using regression analyses, we compared the proportion of variance in performance associated with traditionally reported sleep features (model 1) vs. sleep features and HRV during sleep (model 2). For both the Primed and Repeated conditions, model 2 (sleep + HRV) predicted performance significantly better (73% and 58% of variance explained, respectively) compared with model 1 (sleep only, 46% and 26% of variance explained, respectively). These findings present the first evidence, to our knowledge, that ANS activity may be one potential mechanism driving sleep-dependent plasticity.sleep | heart rate variability | memory | consolidation | vagal activity S leep has been shown to facilitate the transformation of recent experiences into stable, long-term memories (i.e., consolidation), and specific electrophysiological sleep features have been implicated in this process (1). For example, minutes spent in slow wave sleep (SWS) and the number of sleep spindles [transient neural events in nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, 12-15 Hz] in a posttraining sleep period correlate with the magnitude of explicit memory improvement [e.g., conscious, episodic memories (2, 3)]. Minutes in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, on the other hand, are associated with improvements in implicit memory [e.g., unconscious, priming, procedural skills (4, 5)]. However, recent reviews and meta-analyses of the literature report inconsistencies in these findings (6, 7), suggesting that there may be unexplored factors critical to sleep-dependent memory consolidation.One possible influence that has received little attention in the sleep and memory literature is the autonomic nervous system (ANS). This lack of attention is somewhat surprising, considering that the literature describing ANS modulation of memory during wake is well established (8). Studies have found that memory storage of new information can be enhanced or impaired by directly modifying the activity of peripheral hormones following acquisition (9...

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 68%

Autonomic activity during sleep predicts memory consolidation in humans

Whitehurst

Cellini

McDevitt

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Such an association would not be expected if the nap merely protected the memory from waking interference (31,32). Moreover, if the reduced interference during sleep only provided an enhanced opportunity for memory consolidation (as opposed to being a process unique to sleep), one would expect a correlation between the change in memory over the nap and time spent asleep, particularly SWS in which long-term potentiation may be inhibited (32,33). We did not find such an association, nor did the length of non-REM stage 2 correlate with sleep-dependent changes in memory.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep spindles in midday naps enhance learning in preschool children

Kurdziel¹,

Duclos

Spencer³

2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

204

253

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Studies have shown that sleep supports transforming new experiences into long-term memories (i.e., consolidation) (Diekelmann & Born 2010). For declarative memory, i.e., explicit memory for events and facts, consolidation is demonstrated by decreased forgetting of information after a period of sleep, compared to an equivalent amount of time awake (Mednick et al, 2011). Furthermore, several pieces of evidence converge to suggest that improved memory retention is directly related to specific events during sleep including sleep spindles (bursts of fast, 12-15Hz thalamic activity) and slow oscillations (SO, high voltage up and down states <1Hz that reflect periods of neuronal spiking and neuronal silence, respectively).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of sex and menstrual phase on memory formation during a nap

Sattari

McDevitt

Panas

et al. 2017

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Memory formation can be influenced by sleep and sex hormones in both men and women, and by the menstrual cycle in women. Though many studies have shown that sleep benefits the consolidation of memories, it is not clear whether this effect differs between men and women in general or according to menstrual phase in women. The present study investigated the effect of sex and menstrual cycle on memory consolidation of face-name associations (FNA) following a daytime nap. Recognition memory was tested using a face-name paired associates task with a polysomnographic nap between morning and evening testing. Seventeen healthy women (age: 20.75 (1.98) years) were studied at two time points of their menstrual cycles, defined from self-report and separated by 2 weeks (perimenses: -5 days to + 6 days from the start of menses, and non-perimenses: outside of the perimenses phase) and compared with eighteen healthy men (age: 22.01 (2.91) years). Regardless of menstrual phase, women had better pre-nap performance than men. Further, menstrual phase affected post-nap memory consolidation, with women showing greater forgetting in their perimenses phase compared with their nonperimenses phase, and men. Interestingly, post-nap performance correlated with electrophysiological events during sleep (slow oscillations, spindles, and temporal coupling between the two), however, these correlations differed according to menstrual phase and sex.Men's performance improvement was associated with the temporal coupling of spindles and slow oscillations (i.e., spindle/SO coincidence) as well as spindles. Women, however, showed an association with slow oscillations during non-perimenses, whereas when they were in their perimenses phase of their cycle, women appeared to show an association only with sleep spindle events for consolidation. These findings add to the growing literature demonstrating sex and menstrual phase effects on memory formation during sleep. THE EFFECT OF SEX AND MENSTRUAL CYCLE ON MEMORY 3

show abstract

An opportunistic theory of cellular and systems consolidation

Cited by 226 publications

References 123 publications

Autonomic activity during sleep predicts memory consolidation in humans

Autonomic activity during sleep predicts memory consolidation in humans

Sleep spindles in midday naps enhance learning in preschool children

The effect of sex and menstrual phase on memory formation during a nap

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About