An open and flexible digital phase-locked loop for optical metrology

Tourigny-Plante, Alex; Michaud-Belleau, Vincent; Hébert, Nicolas Bourbeau; Bergeron, Hugo; Genest, Jérôme; Deschênes, Jean-Daniel

doi:10.1063/1.5039344

Cited by 44 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…A beamsplitter directed the light to two separate silicon avalanche photodiodes (APD, Thorlabs APD430A and APD210). The electrical signal from the first photodiode was connected to a Red Pitaya field-programmable-gate-array (FPGA) board running the "Frequency comb digitalphase-locked-loop" firmware 33,34 , which was used to feed back to the oscillator pump-diode current in order to stabilize f ceo . The electrical signal for the second APD was connected to a Λ-type frequency counter, which provided an "electrical out-of-loop" confirmation of the f ceo stabilization.…”

Section: Frequency Comb Stabilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-organized nonlinear gratings for ultrafast nanophotonics

et al. 2019

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Modern nonlinear optical materials allow light of one wavelength be efficiently converted into light at another wavelength. However, designing nonlinear optical materials to operate with ultrashort pulses is difficult, because it is necessary to match both the phase velocities and group velocities of the light. Here we show that self-organized nonlinear gratings can be formed with femtosecond pulses propagating through nanophotonic waveguides, providing simultaneous group-velocity matching and quasi-phase-matching for second harmonic generation. We record the first direct microscopy images of photo-induced nonlinear gratings, and demonstrate how these waveguides enable simultaneous χ (2) and χ (3) nonlinear processes, which we utilize to stabilize a laser frequency comb. Finally, we derive the equations that govern self-organized grating formation for femtosecond pulses and explain the crucial role of group-velocity matching. In the future, such nanophotonic waveguides could enable scalable, reconfigurable nonlinear optical systems. arXiv:1806.07547v1 [physics.optics]

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Section: Frequency Comb Stabilizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-organized nonlinear gratings for ultrafast nanophotonics

et al. 2019

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“…Meanwhile, the hardware circuit of the PLL is usually more complex and costly to design. When the signal is interfered with noise, harmonics, inter-harmonics, and other adverse effects, the accuracy of the PLL circuit is reduced or even the phase-locking is not possible (Tourigny-Plante et al, 2018). And another simple and direct frequency measurement method is composed of a hardware comparator and a counter, as shown in Figure 1A.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A High-Precision and Wideband Fundamental Frequency Measurement Method for Synchronous Sampling Used in the Power Analyzer

et al. 2021

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In the dedicated high-precision power quality analyzer, synchronous sampling is required to reduce the effect of spectrum leakage produced by the discrete Fourier transform process. Thus, accurate fundamental frequency measurement is urgently needed. However, due to the harmonics and noise in the power signal, it is difficult to achieve the accurate fundamental frequency measurement. Moreover, with the wide application of high-frequency programmable power supply, the fundamental frequency is gradually increasing, which requires power analyzers to have the abilities of both high precision and a wide range of the fundamental frequency measurement. To solve these issues, a new fundamental frequency measurement architecture used in synchronous sampling is proposed. This architecture consists of a small-point fast Fourier transform module, spectrum refinement algorithm, and a multimodal optimization method to calculate the accurate fundamental frequency under large harmonic conditions. In the practical hardware platform results, this architecture has a large fundamental frequency measurement range from 20 Hz to 200 kHz with a relative error which is <0.004%. The wideband fundamental frequency measurement structure proposed in this article achieves high measurement accuracy.

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“…This approach has led to numerous novel developments [41]- [47]. Among these approaches, Tourigny-Plante et al use the CORDIC arctan algorithm to digitally extract the signal phase [45]. The phase-locked loop (PLL) is implemented on the same board used in this manuscript, clocked by its internal quartz, using an open-source code available online [48].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Doppler-cancellation servo for ultra-stable optical frequency dissemination over fiber

Mukherjee,

Millo,

Marechal

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Progress made in optical references, including ultra-stable Fabry-Perot cavities, optical frequency combs and optical atomic clocks, have driven the need for ultra-stable optical fiber networks. Telecom-wavelength ultra-pure optical signal transport has been demonstrated on distances ranging from the laboratory scale to the continental scale. In this manuscript, we present a Doppler-cancellation setup based on a digital phase-locked loop for ultra-stable optical signal dissemination over fiber. The optical phase stabilization setup is based on a usual heterodyne Michelson-interferometer setup, while the Software Defined Radio (SDR) implementation of the phase-locked loop is based on a compact commercial board embedding a field programmable gate array, analog-to-digital and digital-to-analog converters. Using three different configurations including an undersampling method, we demonstrate a 20 m long fiber link with residual fractional frequency instability as low as 10 −18 at 1000 s, and an optical phase noise of −70 dBc/Hz at 1 Hz with a telecom frequency carrier.

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An open and flexible digital phase-locked loop for optical metrology

Cited by 44 publications

References 17 publications

Self-organized nonlinear gratings for ultrafast nanophotonics

Self-organized nonlinear gratings for ultrafast nanophotonics

A High-Precision and Wideband Fundamental Frequency Measurement Method for Synchronous Sampling Used in the Power Analyzer

Digital Doppler-cancellation servo for ultra-stable optical frequency dissemination over fiber

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