“…Distributed architecture using Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) is widely used as integration method between e-government system based on Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) (Dutta, Devi, & Arora, 2017;Chaabane, Hadouaj, & Ghédira, 2015;Widodo, Istiyanto, Wardoyo, & Santoso, 2013;Votis, Alexakos, Vassiliadis, & Likothanassis, 2008). Paul (2015) uses Service Component Architecture (SCA) to create composite application for integration with other services using multiple languages, multiple container technologies, and multiple access methods.…”