An Ontogenetic Study of Electrical Activities in the Cerebral Cortex of the Albino Rat

Nagamura, Neiichi; Iwahara, Shinkuro

doi:10.2466/pr0.1968.23.2.667

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…1. As this cortical activity was most characteristic of very young rats and first noticed in our previous report (Nagamura and Iwahara, 1968), it was called characteristic rhythmic waves or simply CRW.…”

Section: Eeg Patternsmentioning

confidence: 75%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Development Study of Brain Waves and Spontaneous Motor Activity in White Rats

Oishi

Iwahara

1971

Jpn. Psychol. Res

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Changes in a number of physiological and neuroanatomical measures with a most emphasis on the cortical EEG in relation to behavior were studied as a function of age in days after birth in white rats. Results confirmed most of the previous studies in that the cortical activity matured by 20-30 days after birth. One of the original findings was a sudden appearance of the highly rhythmic (almost completely sinusoidal) activity of 7-10 Hz from the frontal and occipital cortex around 5 days after birth, which was called characteristic rhythmic waves or CRW. CRW increased in frequency with increasing age but its amplitude was not correlated with age. However, during the same recordings, CRW was associated with respiratory cycle, and the direct recording from the olfactory bulb did yield CRW with the same frequency as that from the cortex in rats of various ages. Thus it was assumed that CRW is originated in the olfactory bulb and reflects olfactory function. CRW became less marked with age probably because of development of other cortical activities. Secondly, three different types of paradoxical sleep (PS) were identified. PS of adult type, characterized by theta activity, was first observed around 25 days after birth, when theta waves in association with gross body movement were first recorded. Theta waves were often superimposed with CRW whose frequency was identical to that of the CRW observed independently or directly from the olfactory bulb and this relationship was held even in adult rats.

show abstract

Section: Eeg Patternsmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…In a preliminary report from our laboratory, Nagamura and Iwahara (1968) waves of 6-12 Hz on about day 5 from birth, which were often associated with respiratory cycles.…”

mentioning

confidence: 89%

A Development Study of Brain Waves and Spontaneous Motor Activity in White Rats

Oishi

Iwahara

1971

Jpn. Psychol. Res

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…activity recorded from the cortex was already reported and has been called "characteristic rhythmic waves (CRW)" (NAGAMURA and IWAHARA, 1968;OISHI and IWAHARA, 1971). In accordance with ADRIAN'S (1950) study with adult rabbits and cats, the rhythmic activity recorded from the OB was considered as "induced" waves caused by room air as an olfactory stimulus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…), and (3) the cortical rhythmic activity, appearing in synchrony with the OB induced activity was almost completely abolished (a) when the inspired air was made to by-pass the nasal cavity and (b) after the OB was removed bilaterally. NAGAMURA andIWAHARA (1968) and OISHI andIWAHARA (1971) reported that cortical electrical activity was first recorded 4 to 6 days after birth in postnatal albino rats and usually consisted of highly rhythmic 6-10 Hz waves of low amplitude. As this cortical activity was found characteristic of postnatal rats, it was called "characteristic rhythmic waves (CRW)."…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Activity of the Olfactory Bulb in the Postnatal Rat

et al. 1973

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary The electrical activity of the olfactory bulb (OB) was first clearly observed around 5 days after birth in albino rats it generally consisted of (a) rhythmic "induced" waves, appearing in bursts after inspiration, and (b) "intrinsic" waves of lower amplitude and fast frequency, occurring independently of nasal air flow. The first cortical activity was also observed around the same time, and was very similar to the OB activity, especially to the induced waves. This similarity, however, diminished daily as the rats grew. In adult rats, little correspondence between the two structures was found.A series of experiments suggested the dependence of the cortical activity upon OB induced waves because (1) the latter activity occurred with an almost fixed temporal relation to the former, (2) both cortical and OB activities were simultaneously enhanced in amplitude by (a) strong olfactory stimulation with amyl acetate or xylene as well as (b) higher doses (20 mg/kg) of pentobarbital injected intraperitoneally (i.p.), and (3) the cortical rhythmic activity, appearing in synchrony with the OB induced activity was almost completely abolished (a) when the inspired air was made to by-pass the nasal cavity and (b) after the OB was removed bilaterally. NAGAMURA andIWAHARA (1968) and OISHI andIWAHARA (1971) reported that cortical electrical activity was first recorded 4 to 6 days after birth in postnatal albino rats and usually consisted of highly rhythmic 6-10 Hz waves of low amplitude. As this cortical activity was found characteristic of postnatal rats, it was called "characteristic rhythmic waves (CRW)." It was noted that after birth, the CRW increased daily in frequency with relatively constant amplitude. Our pilot experiment showed that the electrical activity directly recorded from the OB was very much associated with respiratory movements. Thus, the cortical CRW was assumed to be dependent upon the synchronous OB activity in postnatal

show abstract

Methodologic recommendations and possible interpretations of video‐EEG recordings in immature rodents used as experimental controls: A TASK1‐WG2 report of the ILAE/AES Joint Translational Task Force

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryThe use of immature rodents to study physiologic aspects of cortical development requires high‐quality recordings electroencephalography (EEG) with simultaneous video recording (vEEG) of behavior. Normative developmental vEEG data in control animals are fundamental for the study of abnormal background activity in animal models of seizures or other neurologic disorders. Electrical recordings from immature, freely behaving rodents can be particularly difficult because of the small size of immature rodents, their thin and soft skull, interference with the recording apparatus by the dam, and other technical challenges. In this report of the TASK1 Working Group 2 (WG2) of the International League Against Epilepsy/American Epilepsy Society (ILAE/AES) Joint Translational Task Force, we provide suggestions that aim to optimize future vEEG recordings from immature rodents, as well as their interpretation. We focus on recordings from immature rodents younger than 30 days old used as experimental controls, because the quality and correct interpretation of such recordings is important when interpreting the vEEG results of animals serving as models of neurologic disorders. We discuss the technical aspects of such recordings and compare tethered versus wireless approaches. We also summarize the appearance of common artifacts and various patterns of electrical activity seen in young rodents used as controls as a function of behavioral state, age, and (where known) sex and strain. The information herein will hopefully help improve the methodology of vEEG recordings from immature rodents and may lead to results and interpretations that are more consistent across studies from different laboratories.

show abstract

An Ontogenetic Study of Electrical Activities in the Cerebral Cortex of the Albino Rat

Cited by 8 publications

References 4 publications

A Development Study of Brain Waves and Spontaneous Motor Activity in White Rats

A Development Study of Brain Waves and Spontaneous Motor Activity in White Rats

Electrical Activity of the Olfactory Bulb in the Postnatal Rat

Methodologic recommendations and possible interpretations of video‐EEG recordings in immature rodents used as experimental controls: A TASK1‐WG2 report of the ILAE/AES Joint Translational Task Force

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About