An online two-stage adaptive algorithm for strain profile estimation from noisy and abruptly changing BOTDR data and application to underground mines

Soto, Gabriela Valverde; Fontbona, J.; Cortez, Ricardo; Mujica, Luis Eduardo

doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2016.06.022

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In the adaptive algorithm, a pseudo two-dimensional convolution filter was firstly utilized to reduce noise in distance-frequency domain, then an exponential smoothing technique was utilized in time domain to eliminate temporal noise. Combining the aforementioned two-stage data processing, a SNR enhancement of 18 dB was obtained and experimentally verified by its application on real BOTDR data from an underground mine [85]. Table 3 summarizes the optimized demodulation algorithms used in BOTDR for high accuracy.…”

Section: Performance Improvement Of Botdrsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Brillouin Optical Time Domain Reflectometry

Bai

Wang

et al. 2019

Sensors

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In the past two decades Brillouin-based sensors have emerged as a newly-developed optical fiber sensing technology for distributed temperature and strain measurements. Among these, the Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer (BOTDR) has attracted more and more research attention, because of its exclusive advantages, including single-end access, simple system architecture, easy implementation and widespread field applications. It is realized mainly by injecting optical pulses into the fiber and detecting the Brillouin frequency shift (BFS), which is linearly related to the change of ambient temperature and axial strain of the sensing fiber. In this paper, the authors provide a review of new progress on performance improvement and applications of BOTDR in the last decade. Firstly, the recent advances in improving the performance of BOTDRs are summarized, such as spatial resolution, signal-to-noise ratio and measurement accuracy, measurement speed, cross sensitivity and other properties. Moreover, novel-type optical fibers bring new characteristics to optic fiber sensors, hence we introduce the different Brillouin sensing features of special fibers, mainly covering the plastic optical fiber, photonic crystal fiber, few-mode fiber and other special fibers. Additionally, we present a brief overview of BOTDR application scenarios in many industrial fields and intelligent perception, including structural health monitoring of large-range infrastructure, geological disaster prewarning and other applications. To conclude, we discuss several challenges and prospects in the future development of BOTDRs.

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Section: Performance Improvement Of Botdrsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Brillouin Optical Time Domain Reflectometry

Bai

Wang

et al. 2019

Sensors

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“…In previous research, the sensing information, i.e., the Brillouin gain peak along the fiber is obtained by curve fitting the gain profile point by point from one end to the other [3,[5][6][7][9][10][11]14,15,[20][21][22][23][24][26][27][28][29][30], and that profile ideally follows a Lorentzian shape as described below [31]…”

Section: Spectra Subtraction Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast information acquisition using spectra subtraction for Brillouin distributed fiber sensors

Guo

Cao

et al. 2019

Opt. Express

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The traditional methods of extracting sensing information of a Brillouin distributed sensor is by curve fitting the Brillouin gain profiles along the fiber, we propose two concise and time-saving methods to process signals from only the frequency shifted section(s) of the fiber by subtracting the original spectrum from the sensing Brillouin spectrum. Experimental results validate that our methods can provide up to over 9 times faster information acquisition for a 10 km sensing fiber with 800 m frequency shifted section comparing with the traditional way. The proposed methods could be potentially attractive in getting information for the Brillouin distributed sensors as well as the Raman and Rayleigh distributed sensors especially when the processing speed is concerned.

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“…Due to the wide range of applications in structural health monitoring and the advantages of stability and flexibility in harsh environments, the Brillouin optical time domain sensing technology has attracted significant attention in recent decades [1][2][3][4]. It mainly includes the Brillouin optical time domain reflectometer (BOTDR) and the Brillouin optical time domain analysis (BOTDA) based on spontaneous and stimulated Brillouin scattering (SpBS and SBS), respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving BFS measurement accuracy of BOTDR based on Cauchy proximal splitting

Han,

Zhang,

et al. 2023

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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A novel approach based on the Cauchy proximal splitting (CPS) algorithm is proposed to improve Brillouin frequency shift (BFS) measurement accuracy in Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry system. The CPS algorithm utilizes proximal splitting to handle the data and the penalty function based on Cauchy distribution to accurately estimate the target signal to promote sparsity, achieving significant improvement in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Experimental results confirm that with a SNR increase of 12.7 dB, an increase in BFS measurement accuracy from 4.78 MHz to 0.43 MHz is achieved over a 10.3 km sensing fiber. The denoising effects of the CPS, wavelet denoising (WD) and non-local mean (NLM) algorithms are further compared, demonstrating that the CPS algorithm has the lowest root mean square error (0.43 MHz) and no deterioration in spatial resolution rather than the WD and NLM algorithms does.

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An online two-stage adaptive algorithm for strain profile estimation from noisy and abruptly changing BOTDR data and application to underground mines

Cited by 8 publications

References 21 publications

Recent Advances in Brillouin Optical Time Domain Reflectometry

Recent Advances in Brillouin Optical Time Domain Reflectometry

Fast information acquisition using spectra subtraction for Brillouin distributed fiber sensors

Improving BFS measurement accuracy of BOTDR based on Cauchy proximal splitting

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