An old-growth subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest suffered more damage from Typhoon Mangkhut than an adjacent secondary forest

Ni, Yunlong; Wang, Zhihui; Cao, Hong‐Lin; Li, Yan-peng; Bin, Yue; Ruyun, Zhang; Wang, Yue; Lian, Juyu; Ye, Wanhui

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119433

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Immediate impacts of TCs on forests can be particularly devastating with damages ranging from defoliation to extensive trunk snapping or tree uprooting. Most studies focused on the local-or landscape-scale damages caused by a single TC (e.g., [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]). Analyses of the impacts of multiple TCs on larger regional or global scales are needed to better understand how forests respond to these large-scale disturbances in the context of changing TCs intensity [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropical Cyclone Impact and Forest Resilience in the Southwestern Pacific

et al. 2022

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Tropical cyclones (TCs) can have profound effects on the dynamics of forest vegetation that need to be better understood. Here, we analysed changes in forest vegetation induced by TCs using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). We used an accurate historical database of TC tracks and intensities, together with the Willoughby cyclone model to reconstruct the 2D surface wind speed structure of TCs and analyse how TCs affect forest vegetation. We used segmented linear models to identify significant breakpoints in the relationship between the reconstructed maximum sustained wind speed (Wmax) and the observed changes in NDVI. We tested the hypothesis that the rate of change in damage caused by TCs to forest and recovery time would increase according to Wmax thresholds as defined in the widely used Saffir–Simpson hurricane wind scale (SSHWS). We showed that the most significant breakpoint was located at 50 m/s. This breakpoint corresponds to the transition between categories 2 and 3 TCs in the SSHWS. Below this breakpoint, damages caused to forest vegetation and the time needed to recover from these damages were negligable. We found a second breakpoint, with a sharp increase in damages for winds >75 m/s. This suggested that extremely intense tropical cyclones, which might be more frequent in the future, can cause extreme damages to forest vegetation. Nevertheless, we found high variation in the observed damages and time needed to recover for a given Wmax. Further studies are needed to integrate other factors that might affect the exposure and resistance to TCs as well as forests’ capacity to recover from these disturbances.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropical Cyclone Impact and Forest Resilience in the Southwestern Pacific

et al. 2022

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“…Our study site is a typical monsoon forest. Due to the disturbance of typhoons every year (Ni et al, 2021; Zhou & Yan, 2001), plant growth and mortality rates can change dramatically (Li et al, 2021); very likely this weakens the trade‐off between plant growth and mortality. This result is consistent with those of a recent study showing interspecific growth–mortality trade‐offs only in less disturbance‐prone forests (Russo et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, an episodic catastrophic typhoon, Typhoon Mangkhut, hit in Dinghushan on 16 September 2018, with 14‐magnitude winds near the centre and a peak intensity of 162 km/h. The typhoon was characterized by a long duration, ferocious winds and extensive damage scope (Ni et al, 2021), causing widespread and serious impacts, especially to forest trees (Figure S1). Community inventories and trait measurements were carried out during the period without typhoons.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How do functional traits influence tree demographic properties in a subtropical monsoon forest?

Lian

et al. 2022

Functional Ecology

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1. Functional traits are good predictors of plant responses and adaptations to ever-changing environments. However, forecasting forest community dynamics is challenging because the relationships among different tree demographic properties (growth, mortality and recruitment) and how functional traits are associated with tree demography remain largely unknown.2. Here, in a 20-ha subtropical forest permanent plot, we quantified the rates of tree growth, mortality and recruitment across 53 dominant tree species (diameter at breast height; DBH ≥ 1 cm) from 2005 to 2020. Functional traits that are closely related to plant photosynthesis, nutrients, hydraulics and drought tolerance were measured.3. We found that tree growth rate (GR) varied independently from rates of tree mortality and recruitment. Hydraulic conductivity was positively correlated with GR (explaining 27% variation-the strongest relationship observed) whereas wood density was negatively correlated with GR. Leaf life span was negatively related to tree mortality. Species with high carbon assimilation rate, nutrient concentration and hydraulic conductivity had high recruitment rates. Leaf turgor loss point was unrelated to plant demography. Principal component analysis revealed that species with quick resource acquisition rates had high rates of growth and recruitment. 4. Our results illustrate that the correlations among tree demographic properties were weak in this subtropical forest with monsoonal climate. Most notably, against expectations, there was no observed trade-off between growth and mortality. Individual functional traits explained up to 27% of each demographic rate.

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“…Hall et al [89] estimated that a hurricane in Puerto Rico reduced AGC storage by 10.4 ± 2.3 Tg C equivalent to 30 Mg C ha −1 or 23% of prestorm stocks over 312 000 ha of forest. A tropical cyclone in southern China resulted in biomass losses equivalent to 12.2 Mg C ha −1 [103]. A single squall line reduced Amazon forest AGC storage by 140 Tg C due to minor damage (0.3 Mg C ha −1 ) over a very large area (4.5 × 10 6 km 2 ) of forest [104].…”

Section: (D) Regional Damagementioning

confidence: 99%

Implications of tropical cyclones on damage and potential recovery and restoration of logged forests in Vietnam

Stas

Spracklen

Willetts

et al. 2022

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Many natural forests in Southeast Asia are degraded following decades of logging. Restoration of these forests is delayed by ongoing logging and tropical cyclones, but the implications for recovery are largely uncertain. We analysed meteorological, satellite and forest inventory plot data to assess the effect of Typhoon Doksuri, a major tropical cyclone, on the forest landscapes of central Vietnam consisting of natural forests and plantations. We estimated the return period for a cyclone of this intensity to be 40 years. Plantations were almost twice as likely to suffer cyclone damage compared to natural forests. Logged natural forests (9–12 years after cessation of government-licensed logging) were surveyed before and after the storm with 2 years between measurements and remained a small biomass carbon sink (0.1 ± 0.3 Mg C ha −1 yr −1 ) over this period. The cyclone reduced the carbon sink of recovering natural forests by an average of 0.85 Mg C ha −1 yr −1 , less than the carbon loss due to ongoing unlicensed logging. Restoration of forest landscapes in Southeast Asia requires a reduction in unlicensed logging and prevention of further conversion of degraded natural forests to plantations, particularly in landscapes prone to tropical cyclones where natural forests provide a resilient carbon sink. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Understanding forest landscape restoration: reinforcing scientific foundations for the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration’.

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An old-growth subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest suffered more damage from Typhoon Mangkhut than an adjacent secondary forest

Cited by 14 publications

References 62 publications

Tropical Cyclone Impact and Forest Resilience in the Southwestern Pacific

Tropical Cyclone Impact and Forest Resilience in the Southwestern Pacific

How do functional traits influence tree demographic properties in a subtropical monsoon forest?

Implications of tropical cyclones on damage and potential recovery and restoration of logged forests in Vietnam

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