An observational study of cutaneous adverse drug reactions in a teaching hospital

Abstract

Cutaneous adverse reaction patterns and their causes vary as the result of changing use of drugs. In India, antibiotics are responsible for the majority of the cutaneous adverse drug reactions, and maculopapular rash is the side effect that is most reported.

Pharmacovigilance Research in India: A Five-Year Literature Review

“…A cross-sectional observational study in oral and maxillo-facial surgery and general medicine department with outdoor patients found that antibiotics and NSAIDs contributed to 40 (53%) and 30 (40%) of the total 75 skin reactions, respectively. Maculopapular rash, urticaria, fixed drug eruption and angioedema were the most common reactions observed in this study with anticonvulsants induced Steven-Johnson syndrome (SJS) predominantly in general medicine department patients (Chattopadhyay and Chakrabarti, 2012 (Chopra et al, 2015). Most of the cutaneous ADRs were exanthematous eruptions type [37 (33.3%)] and were reported with antimicrobial agents [77 (69.4%)] out of 111 cases of cutaneous ADRs reportedin another retrospective study.…”

Clinical profile and comparison of causality assessment tools in cutaneous adverse drug reactions

“…[ 9 10 ] There was a male preponderance in our study which has been noted previously by other workers as well. [ 9 10 11 12 ] However, a few other studies[ 13 14 15 ] have reported females to be affected more commonly.…”

“…[ 9 12 17 18 19 ] Patel and Marfatia[ 12 ] studied 200 patients and reported FDE in majority (61; 30.5%), followed by urticaria (37; 18.5%) and MPR (36; 18%), a finding almost similar to ours. However, a few studies[ 10 11 14 ] have reported MPR to be the most common pattern. Hiware et al .,[ 10 ] in a study on 872 patients over 4 years, observed MPR as the commonest CADR (329; 37.7%), followed by FDE (150; 17.2%) and urticaria (127; 14.5%).…”

“…The most common drug group associated with occurrence of CADR was antimicrobials followed by NSAIDs, an observation similar to many other studies. [ 10 15 21 22 ] A number of studies[ 9 12 14 18 ] have also reported antimicrobials as the commonest agents. The third most common group implicated was antiretroviral drugs in contrast to steroids reported by Sharma et al .…”

“…[ 15 ] The most common group of antimicrobials found to be associated was flouroquinolones (FQ) as also reported by Thakkar et al .,[ 20 ] Chopra et al . ;[ 14 ] however, they found beta lactams to be common offenders. FQ have been reported to be a frequent offender in a large number of studies[ 15 20 21 22 23 24 ] possibly due to unsupervised over-the-counter (OTC) dispensing of FQ for diarrhea.…”