An Objective Method for the Measurement and Analysis of Child-Adult Interaction

Moustakas, Clark E.; Sigel, Irving E.; Schalock, H. Del

doi:10.2307/1126084

Cited by 15 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Moustakas et al (97) present a schedule for observation of adult-child interaction, with a total of 89 adult and 82 child categories, as well as anx iety-hostility ratings. The schedule has been tested and found reliable in studying parent-child interaction in home and laboratory (playroom) and in studying therapist-child interaction.…”

Section: Other Methods For Study Of Social Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Psychology

Sears¹

1958

Annu. Rev. Psychol.

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age R2 for age when it was considered alone was .158, but the value was reduced to only.035 after the variation in a composite measure of perceptual speed was controlled. These results therefore suggest that almost 807o (i.e., [. I 58 -.035 ]l I 58 = .778) ofthe age-related variance in certain measures offluid cognition is associated with variations in perceptual speed.The research reported in this article was designed with two major goals in mind. One goal was to examine the generality of the speed-mediation phenomenon by including measures of memory in addition to measures of fluid or process aspects of cognition. Extending the research in this direction is ofinterest, because less convincing support for a mediational effect of speed was found with m€asures reflecting memory functioning in the partial correlation analyses reported in Salthouse (l 985a). That is, partialing a measure ofprocessing speed had a smaller effect on the correlations between age and measures of memory than it did on the correlations between age and measures of other types of cognitive functioning. Moreover, additional analyses on the data from the Salthouse et al. (1988) project similar to those summarized in Table I also revealed weaker attenuation ofthe age relations ficr measures representing memory functioning than for measures representing other types of cognitive functioning. For example, the attenuation was only 63.8Vo for a measure of the accuracy of reproducing the identities of items in a matrix, only 4'l .59o for a measure of the accuracy of reproducing the positions of items in a matrix, and only l6.7vo for a measure of paired-associate memory.The smaller attenuation of the age-related memory differences after control of measures of speed raises the possibility that quickness of mental operations may be a less important factor in the age differences in traditional memory tests than in cognitive tests assessing reasoning or spatial abilities. Although this speculation is plausible on the basis ofthe available results, stronger evidence ofthe differential influence ofspeed on cognitive and memory measures is desirable before one can conclude that speed factors have a minimal role in the relations between age and memory. One type of evidence that would be relevant in this regard would be a discovery that substantial age-related effects remained after statistical control of a measure of perceptual speed, or equivalently, a finding that the Speed Mediation of Adult Age Differences in Cognition Timothy A. Salthouse Previous research has established that a large proportion of the adult age-related variance in various measures offluid or process cognition is reduced when statistical control procedures such as hierarchical regression are used to eliminate variation in measures ofperceptual speed. This finding was confirmed in the present study and was extended to include paired-associate and free-recall measures of memory in addition to measures of reasoning and spatial abilities. Most of the speed mediation was associated with s...

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Section: Other Methods For Study Of Social Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Psychology

Sears¹

1958

Annu. Rev. Psychol.

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“…Thus, researchers and clinicians began to structure the observational situation more, using a structured interview in which families were asked the same questions in the same manner (Jackson, 1963;Olson, 1968;Riskin, 1964;Riskin & Faunce, 1970;Sojit, 1969), using a family task in which members were given a verbal task (Elbert, Rosman, Minuchin, & Guerney, 1964;Goodrich & Boomer, 1963;Loveland, Wynne, & Singer, 1963) or a largely nonverbal task, such as playing (Moustakas, Sigel, & Schalock, 1956;Schulman, Shoemaker, & Moelis, 1962), or using a combination of these methods (Addario & Rodgers, 1974;Drechsler & Shapiro, 1963;Ferreira, Winter, & Poindexter, 1966).…”

Section: Assessment Of Families In Crisismentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple impact therapy : evaluation and design for future study

Abikoff¹

2000

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“…The first issue to be considered in data collection concerned the setting for observing mother-child interaction. As our interest was in interaction as it ordinarily occurred, observation in the family's own home seemed indicated on the grounds that people's behaviour is influenced by the social and physical setting within which it takes place (Bronfenbrenner, 1979) and on the specific evidence that mother-child interaction in the laboratory has been found to differ systematically from that in the home (Moustakas et al, 1956). Also, it was our experience that cooperation tends to be better when the investigator is prepared to come to the home than when families have to travel to the laboratory.…”

Section: The Setting For Observing Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Observation of Parent‐child Interaction With Two‐ to Three‐year‐olds*

Dowdney¹,

Mrazek

Quinton³

et al. 1984

Child Psychology Psychiatry

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A method of home observations of mother-child interaction is described. Its development is outlined in terms of the relevant conceptual and methodological issues, and the concomitant tactical decisions involved in development are discussed. The scheme focuses on parental responsivity, affect, social communication and social control, and a novel combination of time-interval and event-sequential recording is used to discriminate parental functioning in these areas. The measures have been shown to have a satisfactorily high level of reliability, and preliminary analysis indicates construct validity.

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An Objective Method for the Measurement and Analysis of Child-Adult Interaction

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Developmental Psychology

Developmental Psychology

Multiple impact therapy : evaluation and design for future study

Observation of Parent‐child Interaction With Two‐ to Three‐year‐olds*

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