An Objective Measure of Discomfort Glare

Berman, S.M.; Bullimore, MA; Jacobs, Robert J.; Bailey, IL; Gandhi, Nimit D

doi:10.1080/00994480.1994.10748079

Cited by 73 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The evaluation of discomfort glare was carried out before the visual tests and just after finishing the tasks using the visual analog scale. The semantic discomfort glare scale was elaborated for the purpose of this study on the basis of the Hopkinson scale [10], with 3 demarcations positioned to signify the borders between just acceptable, just uncomfortable, and just intolerable discomfort (presented in Figure 1). A few days before the experimental session, the subjects were explained and trained in the use of the glare sensation rating scale.…”

Section: Subjective Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A few days before the experimental session, the subjects were explained and trained in the use of the glare sensation rating scale. The position on the Hopkinson's scale [10] that is related to just perceptible discomfort was omitted, because of the pilot study results (subjective assessment of glare started from just acceptable) and DIALux calculations of UGR in the examined observer's locations (no stated UGR values, which are related to the sensation of lower glare than just acceptable). The subjective evaluation of the lighting quality was performed by a specially prepared questionnaire which consisted of 5 questions.…”

Section: Subjective Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The methods of objective assessment of discomfort glare have been investigated. On the one hand, the activity of frontalis muscle and the diameter of the pupil did not correlate with subjective evaluation of discomfort [10], but on the other hand, the results of EMG measurement of electrical activity associated with facial muscles correlated with the subjective assessment of discomfort glare [8]. There may be multiple factors contributing to these results, including the procedural ones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of discomfort glare in the 50+ elderly: experimental study

Wolska¹,

Sawicki²

2014

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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Objectives: The aim of the study was to analyze discomfort glare sensation in subjects aged 50 years and more in comparison with younger subjects (i.e. younger than 35 years of age). Material and Methods: The experiments were performed on a computer workstation placed in controlled lighting environment where 2 discomfort glare conditions were modeled. Each participant performed for about 1 h specially designed visual tasks, including the tests with Landolt's rings presented on the screen by a computer program. The glare evaluation method consisted of subjective evaluation of discomfort glare on the semantic glare rating scale, tests of mesopic contrast and glare sensitivity, subjective assessment of lighting quality and asthenopic symptoms. The time needed to perform the task and the number of mistakes were also recorded. The subjective evaluation of glare was compared with the Unified Glare Rating (UGR) index calculated by the DIALux simulation program. Results: A higher percentage of the younger group subjects assessed glare after the experimental session as uncomfortable and intolerable than in the 50+ group, who more often assessed glare as acceptable. The assessment of discomfort glare in the younger group corresponded to higher UGR value compared to UGR value calculated by DIALux. In the 50+ group, such correlation was found only for lower discomfort glare (UGR = 19). The results showed that younger participants more frequently suffered from visual fatigue and assessed lighting as less comfortable. However, the mesopic glare sensitivity increased significantly after the experiments only in the 50+ group under both glare conditions. Conclusions: The obtained results showed that discomfort glare sensation changes with age. The younger population seems to be more sensitive and demanding than the older one in relation to discomfort glare limiting, in spite of the lack of significant objective measures of fatigue. The exposure of the elderly to bigger discomfort glare could adversely affect the objective measures of fatigue like mesopic glare sensitivity and visual performance.

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Section: Subjective Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Subjective Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of discomfort glare in the 50+ elderly: experimental study

Wolska¹,

Sawicki²

2014

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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“…99 Evidence suggests a physiological basis for discomfort glare complaints. 100 Although the precise mechanism is unknown, this suggests that glare sources can constitute stressors.…”

Section: Arousal and Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lighting Quality Contributions from Biopsychological Processes

Veitch

2001

Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society

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/npsi/ctrl?lang=en http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/ctrl?lang=fr Access and use of this website and the material on it are subject to the Terms and Conditions set forth at http://nparc.cisti-icist.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/npsi/jsp/nparc_cp.jsp?lang=en NRC Publications Archive Archives des publications du CNRCThis publication could be one of several versions: author's original, accepted manuscript or the publisher's version. / La version de cette publication peut être l'une des suivantes : la version prépublication de l'auteur, la version acceptée du manuscrit ou la version de l'éditeur. Society, 30, 1, pp. 3-16, 2001-04-01 Lighting quality contributions from biopsychological processes Veitch, J. A. Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Lighting quality contributions from biopsychological processes Veitch, J.A.A version of this paper is published in / Une version de ce document se trouve dans :Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society, v. 30, no. 1, 2001, pp. 3-16 www.nrc.ca/irc/ircpubs NRCC-42468© AbstractInternal processes, both biological and psychological, are thought to mediate the relationships between luminous conditions and such behavioral outcomes as task performance, mood, social behavior, aesthetic judgements and satisfaction. This review paper summarizes the state of knowledge concerning mediating biopsychological processes: visibility, photobiology, and stress and arousal. Visibility is well-understood and obviously relevant to lighting practice. Photobiology, however, is a new entrant to the realm of lighting research; its findings could have important implications for recommended illuminance levels if these were based on more than visibility. Stress and arousal, interrelated concepts, are popular notions, but close examination reveals only weak support for these mechanisms as explanations of lighting effects on behavior. The improved organization of research and increased predictive power that would result from clear exposition of theoretical mechanisms in lighting research holds promise for progress in linking research and application.Lighting Quality and Biopsychology / 2 Introduction Renewed interest in lighting quality emerged in the early 1990s, in parallel with the development of energy codes and standards. Lighting practitioners remembered the energy conservation strategies of the 1970s energy crisis, in which delamping reduced overall light levels and produced uneven distributions of light. Energy was saved, but lighting quality declined. Lighting designers of the day decried this simplistic approach to conservation and feared that similar strategies would occur again.1-3 Committees were struck by the major associations, and many conference sessions on lighting quality were convened.The definition of lighting quality most widely adopted in these discussions has been an emergent one, in which lighting quality is the degree of excellence achieved, in terms of meeting human needs 4 and integration of these outcomes with energy conservation and architecture.5 Veitch and Newsham...

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“…These findings suggest that elderly individuals' criterion of discomfort-glare is more sensitive than their younger counterparts, and importantly, the non-planar driver-side mirrors can be beneficial in terms of reducing nighttime discomfort-glare for both the young and the elderly. Although implicated, due to the high between-subject variations in subjective rating scores (Berman et al, 1994;Theeuwes et al, 2002), and rating score dependence on task difficulty, further studies exploring the effects of glare levels on light intensity utilizing objective performance measures (e.g., contrast sensitivity, and visual acuity at that intensity of the light, and electromyography [EMG]) are needed to elucidate this possibility. Experimental setup for the reflected glare study for nighttime condition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of planar and non-planar driver-side mirrors on age-related discomfort-glare responses

et al. 2006

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In this study, we evaluated subjective nighttime discomfort-glare responses on three different types of planar and non-planar driver-side mirrors on two age groups. Fifty-six individuals (28 young [18-35 years] and 28 old [65 years and over]) participated in this experiment. Subjective discomfort-glare rating scores on three different types of driver-side mirrors were assessed utilizing De Boer's rating scale in a controlled nighttime driving environment (laboratory ambient illuminant level-l lux with headlight turned off). Three driver-side mirrors included planar "flat mirror": radius of curvature 242650.92 mm, reflectivity 0.60114, and surface reflectance 0.60568; "curved mirror": radius of curvature 1433.3 mm, reflectivity 0.21652, and surface reflectance 0.58092; "blue mirror": radius of curvature 1957.1 mm, reflectivity 0.25356, and surface reflectance 0.54585. The results indicated that with the same glare level (as measured by angle of incidence and illuminance in front of the eyes), older adults reported worse feelings of glare than their younger counterparts. Furthermore, the results indicated that both young and older adults reported worse feelings of glare for planar driverside mirror than non-planar driver-side mirrors. These results suggest that older adults' criterion of discomfort-glare is more sensitive than their younger counterparts, and importantly, the non-planar driver-side mirrors can be beneficial in terms of reducing nighttime discomfort-glare for both the young and the elderly.

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An Objective Measure of Discomfort Glare

Cited by 73 publications

References 9 publications

Evaluation of discomfort glare in the 50+ elderly: experimental study

Evaluation of discomfort glare in the 50+ elderly: experimental study

Lighting Quality Contributions from Biopsychological Processes

Effects of planar and non-planar driver-side mirrors on age-related discomfort-glare responses

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