An nMgO containing scaffold: Antibacterial activity, degradation properties and cell responses

Abstract

Bone repair failure caused by implant-related infections is a common and troublesome problem. In this study, an antibacterial scaffold was developed via selective laser sintering with incorporating nano magnesium oxide (nMgO) to poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV). The results indicated the scaffold exerted high antibacterial activity. The antibacterial mechanism was that nMgO could cause oxidative damage and mechanical damage to bacteria through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and direct contact action, respectively, which resulted in the damage of their structures and functions. Besides, nMgO significantly increased the compressive properties of the scaffold including strength and modulus, due to its excellent mechanical properties and uniform dispersion in the PHBV matrix. Moreover, the degradation tests indicated nMgO neutralized the acid degradation products of PHBV and benefited the degradation of the scaffold. The cell culture demonstrated that nMgO promoted the cellular adhesion and proliferation, as well as osteogenic differentiation. The present work may open the door to exploring nMgO as a promising antibacterial material for tissue engineering. Keywords: Nano magnesium oxide; antibacterial scaffolds; degradation properties; cytocompatibility; mechanical properties

Fewer Defects in the Surface Slows the Hydrolysis Rate, Decreases the ROS Generation Potential, and Improves the Non‐ROS Antimicrobial Activity of MgO

“…Some of the previous studies confirmed that hydration of MgO NPs and formation of hydroxide leads to the surface bond electro‐hole pairs that decompose into surface trapped electrons and localized holes which are strong catalysts for ROS production via single electron reduction . These facts were used as explanation of the ROS‐mediated antimicrobial activity in MgO NPs . However, it is important to note that in this report we showed that generated quantities of ROS did not affect the activity of the MgO NPs because none of the ROS inhibitors influenced their antibacterial activity.…”

Biogenic Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles Using Bacterial Strains Isolated from an Antarctic Consortium Associated to a Psychrophilic Marine Ciliate: Characterization and Potential Application as Antimicrobial Agents

“…It has been reported that CuNPs of about 30 nm are more active against pathogens than those of smaller size [ 33 ]. CuONPs have received much attention in a wide range of applications, including their use as antimicrobial agents [ 9 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ].…”

Expanding the Repertoire of Electrospinning: New and Emerging Biopolymers, Techniques, and Applications

“…[5,18,[92][93][94] This technique is preferred over several other methods (including melt-spinning and 3D printing) due to the high surface area-to-volume ratio that can be achieved and the relatively large number of inter-and intrafiber pores obtained in the fibers. [95][96][97][98] The electrospinning process employs electrostatic forces to produce polymeric fibers, in which various parameters such as applied voltage, polymer concentration, solvent, tip-to-target distance, and spinneret gauge size influence the quality of the fibers. [18] In practice, a polymeric solution in a volatile solvent is fed at a controlled rate to a needle that serves as the spinneret, via a syringe pump.…”