An Mn Doped Polyaniline Electrode for Electrochemical Supercapacitor

Abstract

Undoped and Mn doped Polyaniline (PANI) thin films were deposited on stainless steel substrates by sonochemical method. Films deposition was done using dip coating technique. To study the Mn doping effect on the specific capacitance of PANI, concentration of Mn was varied from 0.4 to 1.6 wt %. The Fourier Transform-IR (FT-IR) and Raman spectroscopy techniques have been used for the phase identification and determination of the Mn in the PANI films. Surface morphology was examined by using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) which showed nanofiber aggregate structure of undoped PANI and porous and well distributed nanofibers for the doped PANI. The supercapacitive behavior of the electrodes was tested in three electrode system with 1.0 M H 2 SO 4 electrolyte by using cyclic voltammetry. The specific capacitance value increases from 285 to 474 F g À1 as the Mn concentration was increased. This work demonstrates a simple strategy of improving specific capacitance of the polymer and hence may be adopted easily for other dopants also. Thus the work will open a new avenue for designing low cost high performance devices for better supercapcitors.

Effect of Ruthenium (Iii) Incorporation in Polyaniline Backbone: Materials for Supercapacitive Energy Storage Application

“…The band associated with CÀNþ appeared around 1331 cm À1 , corresponding to semi-quinone segments and was also shifted for Ru/PANI around 7 cm À1 . 4,31 The decrease in the intensity for quinone bands and the shifting of bands is a consequence of semiquinone segment. The investigation of percentage of metal doping with PANI was also carried out through Raman spectroscopy, keeping the integrated intensity of symmetry stretching value at 1331 cm À1 (HCl doped PANI) and 1324 cm À1 (Ru ion doped PANI).…”

“…However, the reduction peaks obtained at 0.05 V and 0.6 V were due to the de-doping of H þ and SO4 ¼ , respectively. 4 The small peaks between 0.4 V and 0.55 V were the characteristic peak of the transformation of polaron i.e., radical cation to bipolaron (dication). It is noteworthy to observe no redox peak for transition metal ion in the similar condition which exempli¯es the surrounding of PANI chain over all the transition metals.…”

“…The supercapacitive performance of PANI can be further improved by doping it with various inorganic acids or metal ions which could in turn lift its conductivity. PANI doped with transition metal salts, such as IrCl 3 Á xH 2 O, 3 MnCl 2 , xH 2 O, 4 polypyrrole doped with RuCl 3 , xH 2 O, 5 etc. have been well investigated and reported in the literature.…”

“…It is well established that the speci¯c capacitance of transition metal ion doped conducting polymer increases with increase in doping concentration. 4,23 To the best of our knowledge, we are the¯rst to investigate Ru/PANI composite for the supercapacitor application. The complete analysis of the existence of diverse functional groups, surface and bulk morphology, electrochemical characterization and thermal stability was carried out as a part of this research work and the results pertaining to our ndings are presented in the subsequent sections of the paper.…”

Corrosion Properties of AISI 4140 Industrial Steels Coated with Aniline in Different Storage Conditions

“…PANI and its derivatives have been widely studied due to the low potential for polymer formation, good environmental stability, easy to synthesis, controllable electric conductivity, simplicity in doping and dedoping, stability of the formed films, mechanical flexibility [1][2][3], and high specific capacitance [4][5][6].…”