An LC–MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of 15 antipsychotics and two metabolites in hair and its application to rat hair

Sim, Juhyun; Kim, Eun‐Mi; Yang, Wenjun; Woo, Sanghee; In, Sangwhan

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.01.001

Cited by 15 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Psychoactive drugs act on normal brain functions and may alter an individual's consciousness, mood or thinking processes. There are legal drugs used for medication such as benzodiazepines, antidepressants and sedatives and illicit drugs such as opiates, cannabis, hallucinogens and cocaine [2], [3]. The integration of the dried blood spot (DBS) technology in drug testing offers various advantages such as simplified blood collection, reduced shipping, storage costs, reduced analysis time and labor [4]- [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully Automated Forensic Routine Dried Blood Spot Screening for Workplace Testing

Gaugler¹,

Al-Mazroua

Issa

et al. 2018

Journal of Analytical Toxicology

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In this study we describe the transfer of a new and fully automated workflow for the cost effective drug screening of large populations based on the dried blood spot (DBS) technology. The method was installed at a routine poison control center and applied for DBS and dried urine spot (DUS) samples. A fast method focusing on the high interest drugs and an extended screening method were developed on the automated platform. The dried cards were integrated into the automated workflow, in which the cards were checked in a camera recognition system, spiked with deuterated standards via an in-built spraying module and directly extracted. The extract was transferred online to an analytical LC column and then to the electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry system. The target compounds were analyzed in positive multiple reaction monitoring mode. Before each sample batch or analysis day, calibration samples were measured to balance inter day variations and to avoid false negative samples. An internal standard was integrated prior the sample extraction to allow in process control. 28 target compounds were analyzed and directly extracted within 5 minutes per sample. This fast screening method was then extended to 20 minutes, enabling the usage of a Forensic Toxicology Database to screen over 1200 drugs. The method gives confident positive/negative results for all tested drugs at their individual cutoff concentration. Good precision (+/-15 %, respectively +/-20 % at LOQ) and correlation within the calibration range from 5 to 1000 ng/ml was obtained. The method was finally applied to real cases from the lab and cross checked with the existing methodologies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fully Automated Forensic Routine Dried Blood Spot Screening for Workplace Testing

Gaugler¹,

Al-Mazroua

Issa

et al. 2018

Journal of Analytical Toxicology

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“…The experimental conditions for chromatography are as follows ( 14 ): Samples were separated using an Agilent 1290 Infinity LC ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) column. The flow rate was 0.5 mL/min, and the injection volume was 2 μL.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential metabolomic biomarkers for the identification and diagnosis of type A acute aortic dissection in patients with hypertension

Hao

Han²,

Ni³

et al. 2022

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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ObjectivesMost patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD) have a history of hypertension. Diagnosis of AAD in patients with hypertension at an early stage is complicated and challenging. This study aimed to explore the distinctive metabolic changes in plasma samples of AAD patients with hypertension and patients with hypertension only and provide early identification and diagnosis of AAD in patients with hypertension.Materials and methodsWe collected blood samples from 20 patients with type A AAD and hypertension admitted to the emergency department and physically examined other 20 patients with hypertension as controls. The plasma metabolomic profiles of these patients were determined using untargeted metabolomics with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry.ResultsA total of 38 metabolites that differed between the AAD and hypertension groups were screened. In the positive ion mode, 12 metabolites were different between the two groups, and in the negative ion mode, 26 metabolites were different. Among the 26 different metabolites detected by the negative ion mode, 21 were significantly upregulated and five were downregulated in patients with AAD compared to patients with hypertension. Moreover, five metabolites were upregulated and seven were significantly downregulated in patients with AAD compared to those with hypertension, as detected by the positive ion mode. The metabolites differentially expressed in AAD were mainly involved in lipid metabolism (fatty acid biosynthesis, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, and linoleic acid metabolism), carbohydrate metabolism (galactose, fructose, and mannose metabolisms), and membrane transport (ATP-binding cassette transporters). Interestingly, plasma hydrocortisone and dimethylglycine concentrations were significantly increased in patients with type A AAD, with the highest area under the curve value (AUC = 0.9325 or 0.9200, respectively) tested by the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.ConclusionThis study provides possible metabolic markers for the early clinical diagnosis of AAD in patients with hypertension.

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“…An LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination LEV and 14 antipsychotics in hair was developed. The method was applied for monitoring the inappropriate use of antipsychotics in suspected of posing and in mental health patients [108]. The HPLC-DAD technique for determination of LEV in human plasma with LCM and ZNS was developed.…”

Section: Levetiracetam and Brivaracetammentioning

confidence: 99%

New Methods Used in Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Monitoring of the First and Newer Generations of Antiepileptic Drugs (AEDs)

et al. 2020

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The review presents data from the last few years on bioanalytical methods used in therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of the 1st–3rd generation and the newest antiepileptic drug (AEDs) cenobamate in patients with various forms of seizures. Chemical classification, structure, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetic data and therapeutic ranges for total and free fractions and interactions were collected. The primary data on bioanalytical methods for AEDs determination included biological matrices, sample preparation, dried blood spot (DBS) analysis, column resolution, detection method, validation parameters, and clinical utility. In conclusion, the most frequently described method used in AED analysis is the LC-based technique (HPLC, UHPLC, USLC) combined with highly sensitive mass detection or fluorescence detection. However, less sensitive UV is also used. Capillary electrophoresis and gas chromatography have been rarely applied. Besides the precipitation of proteins or LLE, an automatic SPE is often a sample preparation method. Derivatization was also indicated to improve sensitivity and automate the analysis. The usefulness of the methods for TDM was also highlighted.

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An LC–MS/MS method for the simultaneous determination of 15 antipsychotics and two metabolites in hair and its application to rat hair

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

Fully Automated Forensic Routine Dried Blood Spot Screening for Workplace Testing

Fully Automated Forensic Routine Dried Blood Spot Screening for Workplace Testing

Potential metabolomic biomarkers for the identification and diagnosis of type A acute aortic dissection in patients with hypertension

New Methods Used in Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Monitoring of the First and Newer Generations of Antiepileptic Drugs (AEDs)

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