“…In recent years, a large number of bio-inspired optimization algorithms have been proposed, such as the genetic algorithm (GA) [16,17], bat algorithm (BA) [18][19][20][21], differential evolution (DE) [20,21], firefly algorithm (FA) [22], artificial bee colony (ABC) [23,24], cuckoo algorithm (CS) [25][26][27], and so on [28][29][30][31][32], which have been applied to various fields, including the optimization problems [33][34][35][36][37], practical application problems [38][39][40][41], LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) protocol optimization [42], and so on [43][44][45][46]. Particularly, Cui et al [47] designed an optimization method based on the bat algorithm to optimize the random Gaussian observation matrix and reduced the reconstruction error.…”