An Isolated Cumulus Cloud Modification Project

Weinstein, Alan I.; MacCready, Paul B.

doi:10.1175/1520-0450(1969)008<0936:aiccmp>2.0.co;2

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…This set of equations was employed in a modified form in the 1960s by Simpson et al (1965), Simpson and Wiggert (1969), and Weinstein and MacCready (1969) to model cumulus clouds in order to verify cloud seeding experiments. This type of cumulus cloud model was never free from critique (Warner 1970(Warner , 1972Simpson 1971Simpson , 1972, mostly because it lacked the ability to simultaneously predict the cloud height and precipitation rate correctly.…”

Section: A Cloud Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Ensemble Cumulus Convection Parameterization with Explicit Cloud Treatment

Wagner

Graf

2010

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

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The paper describes a convection parameterization employing a new formulation of the quasi-equilibrium closure hypothesis of Arakawa and Schubert. The scheme models a full spectrum of different cumulus clouds and its evolution within one time step of the host global climate model. Each cloud is simulated using a onedimensional Lagrangian entraining parcel model, which includes mixed phase microphysics and vertical velocity. Hence, the model delivers explicit information on distribution of vertical velocities, precipitation intensities, cloud heights, and cloud coverage. The parameterization is evaluated in the ECHAM singlecolumn model for midlatitude summer and tropical convection. Results show an improved temporal distribution, including the diurnal cycle, of convective heating and moistening in comparison to the Tiedtke-Nordeng scheme, which is the standard convection parameterization within ECHAM. The amount and temporal distribution of precipitation are clearly improved compared with the original parameterization. The convective cloud field model (CCFM) does not produce spurious convection events occurring with the standard parameterization.

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Section: A Cloud Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Ensemble Cumulus Convection Parameterization with Explicit Cloud Treatment

Wagner

Graf

2010

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

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“…The one-dimensional cloud model is based on a computer model developed in the late 1960's at the Pennsylvania State University (Weinstein and MacCready, 1969). We used this model because of its computational efficiency.…”

Section: One-dimensional Cloud Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The thermodynamic and dynamic calculations are numerical analogies of the classical parcel method with entrainment. The entrainment rate (=0.2/r updraft ) is the same as in the original setup (Weinstein and MacCready, 1969;Graf and Teubner, 1988) and has not been adjusted for our case. The updraft radius (r updraft ) changes due to vertical acceleration, entrainment and density effect.…”

Section: One-dimensional Cloud Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new convective cloud field model based on principles of self-organisation

Nober

Graf

2005

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract.A new cumulus convection parameterisation is presented in this paper. The parameterisation uses an explicit spectral approach and determines, unlike other convection schemes, for each convection event a new cloud distribution function regarding to the given vertical temperature and humidity profiles. This is done by using a one dimensional cloud model to create a spectrum of different clouds. The interaction between all non convective physical processes in the AGCM and all different clouds is taken into account to calculate a selfconsistent cloud spectrum. The model has been implemented in the ECHAM5 AGCM and tested against a large eddy simulation model. The representation of a shallow cumulus cloud field by the AGCM could be much improved. Diurnal cycle, cloud cover, liquid water path and the vertical structure of the mass flux, determined by the new convection scheme are close to the large eddy simulation, whereas the standard convection scheme failed in simulating this convection episode.

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“…A cloud model was used to estimate expected cloud buildup and rainfall at cloud base and compared to radar observations of seeded and unseeded clouds. No conclu sions were reached on whether or not there were mean ingful changes at ground level or over a wide area (Weinstein and McReady, 1968). In 1971, an operational cloud seeding program was carried out to increase rainfall from cumulus clouds in central Arizona.…”

Section: Cloud Seeding In the Southwestmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Convective Cloud Seeding in the Southwest

Osborn¹,

Lane²

1978

Transactions of the ASAE

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WATER users in the Southwest can be divided generally into those who use stored water (reservoir and/or groundwater) and those who depend upon rain fall for range forage and for livestock watering. These groups may or may not view weather modification simi larly. The principal purposes for increasing precipitation in the Southwest are: (a) to increase the surface and subsurface water stored for municipal, industrial, mining, and irrigated agriculture users, and (b) to increase range forage for beef production. The former users are most interested in moving the most possible water from the watersheds into reservoirs and groundwater storage; the latter users are most interested in retaining as much water as possible on the land to improve range conditions. Much of the land surface of Arizona and New Mexico

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An Isolated Cumulus Cloud Modification Project

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

An Ensemble Cumulus Convection Parameterization with Explicit Cloud Treatment

An Ensemble Cumulus Convection Parameterization with Explicit Cloud Treatment

A new convective cloud field model based on principles of self-organisation

Potential of Convective Cloud Seeding in the Southwest

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