An irreversible planar optical sensor for multi-dimensional measurements of sedimentary H2S

Yin, Hang; Zhu, Qingzhi; Aller, Robert C.

doi:10.1016/j.marchem.2017.03.005

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…4D) ( 21 , 22 ). Dissolved H 2 S in these deposits is generally below 20 μM and is further depleted near all irrigated structures, including Chaetopterus ( 23 ). As in the case of other stable tube and burrows, the abundance of nematodes is enhanced at depth in the vicinity of Chaetopterus tubes (fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4D). Dissolved H 2 S in these deposits is generally below 20 μM and is further depleted near all irrigated structures, including Chaetopterus ( 23 ). Although, with the exception of elevated pH at the inner tube wall, the geochemical patterns need not be uniquely due to cable bacteria, they are consistent with reactions associated with the activity of cable bacteria, which, along with associated consortia of S oxidizers and reducers ( 11 , 12 ), presumably promotes them.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dissolved Fe 2+ and H 2 S (as dissolved H 2 S only) distributions were measured using irreversible planar sensors inserted vertically into sediment cores next to Chaetopterus tubes and/or allowed to equilibrate for 3 to 5 min ( 23 , 42 ). X-radiography of sedimentary structure was performed on 2.5-cm-thick vertical subcores of box cores or separate diver-taken box cores 2.5 cm in thickness using a Kramex portable x-ray source (80 kilovolt peak, 10 mA; 0.04 s) and a Samsung LTX 1717 digital x-ray detector.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Worm tubes as conduits for the electrogenic microbial grid in marine sediments

Aller

Zhu

et al. 2019

Sci. Adv.

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Electrogenic cable bacteria can couple spatially separated redox reaction zones in marine sediments using multicellular filaments as electron conductors. Reported as generally absent from disturbed sediments, we have found subsurface cable aggregations associated with tubes of the parchment worm Chaetopterus variopedatus in otherwise intensely bioturbated deposits. Cable bacteria tap into tubes, which act as oxygenated conduits, creating a three-dimensional conducting network extending decimeters into sulfidic deposits. By elevating pH, promoting Mn, Fe-oxide precipitation in tube linings, and depleting S around tubes, they enhance tube preservation and favorable biogeochemical conditions within the tube. The presence of disseminated filaments a few cells in length away from oxygenated interfaces and the reported ability of cable bacteria to use a range of redox reaction couples suggest that these microbes are ubiquitous facultative opportunists and that long filaments are an end-member morphological adaptation to relatively stable redox domains.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Worm tubes as conduits for the electrogenic microbial grid in marine sediments

Aller

Zhu

et al. 2019

Sci. Adv.

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“…However, the lateral spatial and temporal patterns of the colonization have not been documented. In this study, we took advantage of 2D optical sensors 1 , 2 to study cable bacteria colonization and activity dynamics for the first time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dynamics of cable bacteria colonization in surface sediments: a 2D view

Yin

Aller

Zhu

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Cable bacteria that are capable of transporting electrons on centimeter scales have been found in a variety of sediment types, where their activity can strongly influence diagenetic reactions and elemental cycling. In this study, the patterns of spatial and temporal colonization of surficial sediment by cable bacteria were revealed in two-dimensions by planar pH and H2S optical sensors for the first time. The characteristic sediment surface pH maximum zones begin to develop from isolated micro-regions and spread horizontally within 5 days, with lateral spreading rates from 0.3 to ~ 1.2 cm day−1. Electrogenic anodic zones in the anoxic sediments are characterized by low pH, and the coupled pH minima also expand with time. H2S heterogeneities in accordance with electrogenic colonization are also observed. Cable bacteria cell abundance in oxic surface sediment (0–0.25 cm) kept almost constant during the colonization period; however, subsurface cell abundance apparently increased as electrogenic activity expanded across the entire surface. Changes in cell abundance are consistent with filament coiling and growth in the anodic zone (i.e., cathodic snorkels). The spreading mechanism for the sediment pH–H2S fingerprints and the cable bacteria abundance dynamics suggest that once favorable microenvironments are established, filamentous cable bacteria aggregate or locally activate electrogenic metabolism. Different development dynamics in otherwise similar sediment suggests that the accessibility of reductant (e.g., dissolved phase sulfide) is critical in controlling the growth of cable bacteria.

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“…The resulting isotopic data can be collected at ~0.5 cm resolution using traditional gas source mass spectrometry, while higher-resolution analyses are possible using either laser-ablation (Goodridge and Valentine, 2016) or secondary ion mass spectrometry (Fike et al, 2009;Wilbanks et al, 2014) techniques. Together with additional methods to assess ambient sulfide under development (Yin et al, 2017), these approaches provide a way to link meso-scale geochemical profiles down to the micron-scale metabolic activity that drives them. Figure 3: (A) Loss of sulfide from solution indicates that sulfide uptake on films follows a combinatin of first and second order kinetics in DI solutions over a range of starting concentrations: 7000 M (red circles), 4000 M (orange diamonds), 900 M (blue diamonds), 600 M (green squares), 500 M (orange circles).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatially resolved capture of hydrogen sulfide from the water column and sedimentary pore waters for abundance and stable isotopic analysis

et al. 2017

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Sulfur cycling is ubiquitous in sedimentary environments, where it plays a major role in mediating carbon remineralization and impacts both local and global redox budgets. Microbial sulfur cycling is dominated by metabolic activity that either produces (e.g., sulfate reduction, disproportionation) or consumes (sulfide oxidation) hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S). As such, improved constraints on the production, distribution, and consumption of H 2 S in the natural environment will increase our understanding of microbial sulfur cycling. These different microbial sulfur metabolisms are additionally associated with particular stable isotopic fractionations. Coupling measurements of the isotopic composition of the sulfide with its distribution can provide additional information about environmental conditions and microbial ecology. Here we investigate the kinetics of sulfide capture on photographic films as a way to document the spatial distribution of sulfide in complex natural environments as well as for in situ capture of H 2 S for subsequent stable isotopic analysis. Laboratory experiments and timed field deployments demonstrate the ability to infer ambient sulfide abundances from the yield of sulfide on the films. This captured sulfide preserves the isotopic composition of the ambient sulfide, offset to slightly lower  34 S values by ~1.2 ± 0.5‰ associated with the diffusion of sulfide into the film and subsequent reaction with silver to form Ag 2 S precipitates. The resulting data enable the exploration of cm-scale lateral heterogeneity that complement most geochemical profiles using traditional techniques in natural environments. Because these films can easily be deployed over a large spatial area, they are also ideal for real-time assessment of the spatial and temporal dynamics of a site during initial reconnaissance and for integration over long timescales to capture ephemeral processes. ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT ___________________________________________________________________

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An irreversible planar optical sensor for multi-dimensional measurements of sedimentary H2S

Cited by 18 publications

References 33 publications

Worm tubes as conduits for the electrogenic microbial grid in marine sediments

Worm tubes as conduits for the electrogenic microbial grid in marine sediments

The dynamics of cable bacteria colonization in surface sediments: a 2D view

Spatially resolved capture of hydrogen sulfide from the water column and sedimentary pore waters for abundance and stable isotopic analysis

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